Suspended Porcelain Insulator XP-210

The insulators are made by gluing ceramic components with upper and lower metal attachments using adhesive. The contact area between the ceramic components and metal attachments is padded with elastic washers. The gluing sections of the ceramic components are designed with sandblasting, knurling, grooving, etc., to enhance mechanical strength, prevent loosening, and twisting. The ceramic surface is evenly coated with white glaze, while the metal attachments are painted with gray magnetic paint. The main structure of the ceramic components of the insulators consists of two types: a hollow partition (piercing-type) structure and a solid (non-piercing-type) structure. The combined adhesive-mounted pole insulators are generally of the solid non-piercing type, which reduces maintenance and testing work compared to the previous type. The ceramic components of the insulators are available in two shapes: multi-angled and less-angled. The multi-angled shape increases the surface distance and has better electrical properties than the less-angled shape. All products except for the gradually phased-out external adhesive-mounted pole insulators are multi-angled. The internal adhesive structure, where the metal attachments are glued into the ceramic component holes, increases the insulation distance and improves electrical performance, while also reducing the space required for installation. However, due to the adverse effect of internal adhesive on mechanical strength, insulators with higher mechanical strength requirements should use combined adhesive mounting (i.e., the upper attachments use internal adhesive, and the lower attachments use external adhesive).