Oxygen Ion Conductor Membrane: Generally composed of zirconia as the main material, with doping of rare earth elements such as yttrium and gadolinium. This membrane exhibits excellent oxygen ion conduction properties, efficiently converting ambient oxygen into oxygen ions at high temperatures and migrating through vacancies within the membrane to the electrode surface for oxygen concentration measurement.

Electrolyte: Located between the oxygen ion conductor membrane and the electrode, it is used to conduct electricity and maintain the potential difference across the membrane. The electrolyte in zirconia probes typically uses materials compatible with the oxygen ion conductor membrane to ensure the stability and reliability of the probe system.