Material characteristics of the oxygen sensor determine its stability and lifespan in different environments. Nickel-chromium heat-resistant alloy shell: Provides excellent corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance. Zirconia sensitive element: Features high sensitivity and rapid response time. Carbon black removal mechanism: Helps to reduce carbon accumulation, extending the sensor's lifespan. The output signal and accuracy of the oxygen sensor are important performance indicators. Millivolt signal output: Suitable for most industrial control systems. Measurement accuracy: Typically ±0.1mV or ±0.01% CP, depending on the model and usage conditions. Response time: Generally within 0.1 seconds, suitable for real-time control.