The oxygen sensor's measurement method involves sintering porous platinum (Pt) electrodes on both sides of a zirconia electrolyte (ZrO2) tube. At a certain temperature, when the oxygen concentration on either side of the electrolyte is different, oxygen molecules on the high-concentration side (Side II, Pref) are adsorbed onto the platinum electrodes and combine with electrons (4e) to form oxygen ions O2-, causing the electrode to become positively charged. The oxygen ions then migrate through the oxygen ion vacancies in the electrolyte to the low-concentration side (Side I, PO2) platinum electrode, releasing electrons and converting back into oxygen molecules, causing the electrode to become negatively charged. Making dumplings is truly a team effort; usually, all family members participate. Some start making dumplings from a young age, so most Chinese know how to make dumplings.