1. Suitable Medium: Air, flue gas, and dust-containing gases.

2. Pressure (P): -20~30 kPa

3. Operating Temperature (t): Refer to the above set working temperature, ≤450°C.

4. Compensation Quantity: Xo represents the axial compensation quantity, with a negative sign indicating compression deformation; Yo represents the lateral compensation quantity. Specific compensation quantities are as specified in the table above.

5. Material

a. Metal structural components are typically recommended to be made of Q235-A with a material temperature resistance of t≤400°C; for 400°C (t≤450°C), materials 10 or Q345 (16Mn) should be used. Other materials should be considered for design purposes.

b. The compensator non-metallic rings and gasket materials consist of various compositions such as glass fiber fabrics, polytetrafluoroethylene films, composite rubber glass fiber fabrics, and aluminum silicate fiber cotton, depending on different working temperatures. Asbestos-containing materials are not allowed to be used in the manufacturing of non-metallic compensators.

6. Connection Method: Standard is socket weld, meaning the pipe is inserted into the compensator's interface with a 20mm insertion depth. Flange connection is also available, in which case, the product length and compensation are the same as the socket-welded pipe. Compensators are categorized into metallic and non-metallic types. The elastic component that forms the main working body of the compensator is non-metallic, typically fiber fabric, hence also known as fabric compensators (expansion joints, bellows). There is also rubber material, which can replace fiber fabric in all other operating conditions except when high temperatures (above 400°C) are involved.