Centrifugal pumps work by utilizing the rotation of impellers to cause centrifugal motion in water. Before starting the water pump, it is necessary to fill the pump casing and suction pipe with water, and then start the motor to drive the impeller and water to rotate at high speed. The water undergoes centrifugal motion and is thrown towards the outer edge of the impeller, flowing into the pressure water pipeline of the water pump through the flow channel of the snail shaped pump casing.

structural composition

The basic structure of a centrifugal pump consists of six parts: impeller, pump body, pump shaft, bearings, sealing ring, and packing box.

1. The impeller is the core part of a centrifugal pump, which has high speed and high output. The blades on the impeller play a major role, and the impeller needs to undergo a static balance test before assembly. The inner and outer surfaces of the impeller are required to be smooth to reduce frictional losses caused by water flow.

2. The pump body, also known as the pump casing, is the main body of the water pump. Plays a supporting and fixing role, and is connected to the bracket for installing bearings.

3. The function of the pump shaft is to connect with the motor through a coupling, transmitting the torque of the motor to the impeller, so it is the main component for transmitting mechanical energy.

4. Sliding bearings use transparent oil as a lubricant, add oil up to the oil level line. Too much oil will seep out along the pump shaft, and too little bearing will overheat and burn out, causing accidents! During the operation of the water pump, the temperature of the bearings is higher at 85 degrees, usually around 60 degrees.

5. Sealing ring, also known as leak reducing ring.

6. The stuffing box is mainly composed of packing, water seal ring, packing cylinder, packing gland, and water seal pipe. The main function of the stuffing box is to seal the gap between the pump casing and the pump shaft, preventing water flow from the pump to the outside and preventing air from entering the pump, thus maintaining the vacuum inside the water pump at all times. When the friction between the pump shaft and the packing generates heat, it is necessary to inject water into the water seal ring through the water seal pipe to cool the packing and maintain the normal operation of the water pump. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the inspection of the packing box during the operation of the water pump, and the packing should be replaced after about 600 hours of operation.