Introduction to Steel Structure: Steel structures are composed of steel materials and are one of the primary types of building structures. They are mainly made up of steel beams, columns, trusses, and other components, which are formed from sections and plates. Rust and corrosion prevention techniques such as silane treatment, pure manganese phosphate coating, water washing and drying, and galvanizing are used. Components or parts are typically connected by welds, bolts, or rivets. Due to their light weight and ease of construction, steel structures are widely used in large factories, stadiums, and ultra-high-rise buildings. Steel structures are prone to rust, so general steel structures require rust removal, galvanizing, or painting, and regular maintenance is necessary.
Features of steel structure:
High material strength, light in weight
High strength and elastic modulus. Compared to concrete and wood, it has a relatively lower ratio of density to yield strength, thus the cross-sections of steel structural components are smaller and the weight is lighter under the same load conditions, making it convenient for transportation and installation, suitable for structures with large spans, high heights, and heavy loads.
2. High toughness, good plasticity, uniform material, and high structural reliability
Suited for withstanding impact and dynamic loads, with excellent seismic performance. The internal microstructure of the steel is uniform, nearly isotropic and homogeneous. The actual working performance of steel structures is relatively consistent with calculation theory. Therefore, the reliability of steel structures is high.
3. High degree of mechanization in steel structure manufacturing and installation
Steel structural components are easy to manufacture in factories and assemble on-site. Factory mechanized production of steel structural components ensures high precision, high production efficiency, quick assembly on-site, and a shorter construction period. Steel structures are a highly industrialized type of construction.
4. Good sealing performance of steel structure
Due to the ability to achieve complete sealing, welding structures can be made into high-pressure vessels with excellent gas and water tightness, large oil tanks, pressure pipelines, and more.
5. Structural steel is heat-resistant but not fire-resistant.
At temperatures below 150°C, the properties of steel change minimally. Therefore, steel structures are suitable for hot workshops; however, insulation boards should be used to protect the structural surface when exposed to heat radiation around 150°C. At temperatures between 300°C and 400°C, both the strength and elastic modulus of steel significantly decrease. At around 600°C, the strength of steel approaches zero. In buildings with special fire safety requirements, steel structures must be protected with fire-resistant materials to enhance their fire resistance rating.
6. Poor corrosion resistance of steel structures
Especially in environments with humidity and corrosive media, rusting is prone. General steel structures require rust removal, galvanizing, or coating, and regular maintenance is necessary. For offshore platform structures in seawater, special measures like "zinc block anodic protection" should be employed to prevent corrosion.
7. Low-carbon, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly, the dismantling of steel structural buildings can produce almost no construction waste, with steel that can be recycled and reused.
