The development of permeable concrete technology and its widespread adoption in construction has been promoted by sponge cities. To address issues like urban road flooding and the heat island effect, an increasing number of municipal sidewalks and bike lanes, community ground decorations, garden landscape roads, urban square swimming pools and sports fields, community fire access roads and lightweight roads, golf course electric lanes, outdoor parking lots, and river ecological slopes are being constructed using permeable concrete.

Construction Steps: Mix, Pour, Vibrate, Roll, Cure, Finish

Proportionally prepare aggregates, cement, reinforcing agent, and water. Mix strictly controlling the water-cement ratio, adding water 2-3 times, with each mix taking about 60 seconds; moisten the subgrade before pouring, compact the sub-base evenly; use low-frequency vibration tamping for laying, to avoid excessive densification of concrete and reduce its permeability; cover with agricultural film after construction, cure for two days, and water it for maintenance; after concrete setting, spray a colored surface protective agent and sealant.

Sponge City --- Retard

Its primary function is to delay the runoff of rainwater formed in a short period. For instance, by manipulating micro-topography, it allows rainwater to slowly accumulate in one location, trading time for space. By means of "retention," it can delay the peak formation of runoff. The specific forms can be summarized into three: rainwater gardens, ecological retention ponds, infiltration ponds, and artificial wetlands.

Sponge City - Pure

Through soil infiltration and via vegetation, green spaces, and water bodies, water quality can be purified. Therefore, it should be collected, treated, and then reused in urban areas. Rainwater purification systems are designed with different purification processes based on regional environmental variations, which can generally be categorized into three types: residential area rainwater collection and purification, industrial area rainwater collection and purification, and public municipal area rainwater collection and purification. Based on these three types of regional environments, different rainwater purification stages can be set up. Currently, the more familiar purification process is divided into three stages: soil filtration purification, artificial wetland purification, and biological treatment.

Porous concrete is a type made from cement, gravel,Permeable concrete reinforcing agentA new road construction material mixed with water. The permeable concrete technology originated in Europe, America, and Japan and has been increasingly popularized in China with the promotion of sponge city construction.