I. Overview of Overflow

Cross-flow closed cooling tower, named for the spray water and hot air flowing horizontally; the spray water flows from top to bottom, and the wind enters horizontally from the side, passing through the heat exchanger coils in the middle, exchanging heat with the descending spray water, thereby reducing the temperature of the spray water.

Mainly composed of heat exchanger coils, spray irrigation water system, exhaust system, and framework housing.

II. Process of Operation

The spray pump draws water from the sump, pumps it to the upper part of the heat exchange coil, and sprays it in an umbrella shape through nozzles, covering the outer surface of the pipe material continuously and evenly, forming a thin water film. Part of the water absorbs the heat energy of the high-temperature refrigerant inside the pipe, converting it into latent heat of vaporization, evaporating into a gas state. The refrigerant inside the pipe is cooled and condensed into a liquid state, while the water that does not evaporate falls back into the spray water sump.

Exhaust system: The roof fan is an intake type, drawing air from inside the tower and expelling it outward. Cold, dry air from outside the tower enters the heat exchanger coils on the side, carrying away the evaporated water vapor, increasing the humidity and temperature of the air, which is then extracted from the tower by a fan located between the two heat exchanger coils.

In the spray trough, a float valve is installed. When the water level is low, it automatically supplements the supply to ensure a consistent water level in the trough.

III. Operation Principle

Closed-loop water system: The cooled water from the coil is discharged from the tower, pumped by the system circulation pump to the heat source (the cooled equipment), and then enters the coil for cooling after being heated by heat exchange.

External circulating water system: After the external spray water achieves the purpose of cooling the internal circulating water by contacting with the coil and filling material, it falls into the lower water trough and is then pumped back to the spray water tank for recirculation by the spray water pump.

The internal circulation water is cooled through a heat exchanger, exchanging heat with the external spray water and air, thus avoiding direct contact between the cooled water and air which could lead to water quality contamination. The heat exchange effect is further enhanced as the spray water has been pre-cooled by PVC packing.

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