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Flanges, also known as raised face plates or flanged discs, are components used to connect shafts or to join pipe ends. They are also used at equipment inlets and outlets, such as reducer flanges, for connecting two pieces of equipment. A flange connection or flange joint refers to a removable joint that consists of a flange, a gasket, and bolts, forming a combination seal structure. Pipe flanges are flanges used for piping in pipeline installations; on equipment, they refer to the equipment's inlet and outlet flanges. Flanges have holes, and bolts are used to tightly secure the two flanges together. Gaskets are used to seal between the flanges. Flanges are available in threaded (screwed) connections,焊接 (welded) flanges, and clamp flanges. Flanges are always used in pairs; low-pressure pipelines can use threaded flanges, while those above four kilograms of pressure require焊接 flanges. Two flange discs are joined with a sealing pad and then bolted together. Flanges of different pressures have different thicknesses and require different bolts. In the case of pumps and valves, when connected to pipelines, these equipment components are also shaped to match the flange, and this type of connection is also called a flange connection. Any connection that uses bolts to connect and seal two flat surfaces is generally called a "flange," such as the connection of ventilation pipes, which can be referred to as "flange-type components." However, such a connection is only a part of a single device, like the connection between a flange and a pump, so it's not appropriate to call the pump a "flange-type component." Smaller components like valves can be referred to as "flange-type components."

WCB (carbon steel), LCB (low-temperature carbon steel), LC3 (3.5% nickel steel), WC5 (1.25% chrome 0.5% molybdenum steel), WC9 (2.25% chrome), C5 (5% chrome 0.5% molybdenum), C12 (9% chrome 1% molybdenum), CA6NM (4% chrome steel), CA15 (4% chrome), CF8M (316 stainless steel), CF8C (347 stainless steel), CF8 (304 stainless steel), CF3 (304L stainless steel), CF3M (316L stainless steel), CN7M (alloy steel), M35-1 (Monel), N7M (Hastelloy B), CW6M (Hastelloy C), CY40 (Inconel) and more.

Flange connections involve securing two pipes, fittings, or equipment to separate flange plates first, then inserting a flange gasket between the two plates and fastening them together with bolts to complete the connection. Some fittings and equipment come with a built-in flange plate, which also falls under flange connections. Flange connections are an essential method in pipeline construction. They are convenient to use and can withstand high pressure. In industrial pipelines and residential settings, where pipe diameters are small and pressure is low, flange connections are not visible. However, in boiler rooms or production sites, you'll find flange connections on pipes and equipment everywhere.