How to carry out roof waterproofing and leak repair?
1. When doing your own roof waterproofing, it's also necessary to clean the subgrade, remove and dispose of any damaged waterproofing layers, and prepare a smooth surface for optimal waterproofing results.
2. Construction of additional waterproofing layer on the roof: Generally, modified asphalt membrane sheets are applied using the hot-melt method before the waterproofing layer is constructed, primarily focusing on the application of additional layers at locations such as the parapet walls, drain outlets, eaves, pipe roots, and inside and outside corners.
3. Transportation of materials for roof waterproofing: Typically, a crane is used to transport materials to the construction site on the roof.
4. Perform film coating followed by laying high molecular weight waterproof membranes, which is a crucial step. Pay attention to the roof pitch, the overlapping of the waterproof membranes, and the local waterproofing treatment at eaves, pipe openings, and rainwater outlets. When encountering a parapet wall, roll the membrane up the wall, keeping the height below 250mm, and apply 1:3 cement mortar for slope water. Any components extending beyond the roof, such as pipes, must have holes opened in the roof. To prevent leaks, flip the membrane upwards, coat it with cement mortar, or cover it with galvanized iron sheet for water shedding, ensuring the water shedding height does not exceed 200mm.
5. Rolled Sheet Material
The thickness of the rolled material meets the design specifications. When cutting the asphalt waterproofing roll to the corresponding size for laying, heat the junction of the base and the roll with a flame as it is unrolled. After even heating back and forth, roll and stick the roll forward while the material surface is just melted.
(2) Roll roofing should be laid from the eaves upwards, with the double-flow slope aligned with the water flow direction. The overlap of the roll roofing should begin from the lower slope of the water flow, with a baseline drawn according to the roll specifications for laying. Ensure the long edge of the roll is perpendicular to the direction of the water flow slope.
(3) Rolled materials connecting the flat and vertical surfaces should be installed from bottom to top.
6. Hot Melt Seaming: Use a spray to heat the overlap of the rolls, then bond them firmly while hot, stopping just before the asphalt oozes out. The end joints should be sealed tightly with sealant.
7. Apply the first coat of waterproofing paint. Ensure the site is clean and dry before starting, coat the paint evenly with no omissions, securely bonded to the base without cracks or bubbles, and meet the thickness requirements specified by the product.
8. Apply the second coat of waterproof paint. Note that there should be a certain time interval between the first and second coats of waterproof paint. The second coat can only be applied after the first coat is completely dry, which is determined by the paint not sticking to the touch.
9. Apply a protective layer. To prevent the waterproofing layer from being damaged during subsequent construction, a protective layer must be laid on the surface of the waterproof coating. The protective layer should fully cover the waterproofing layer without any gaps, be firmly bonded to the base, free of cracks, bubbles, or any detachment.
10. Water-tightness Test. The test is considered passed only after at least 24 hours of observation without any leakage.

Waterproofing and leak repair construction procedures:
1. After the preliminary cleaning is completed, the key areas such as the阴阳 corners, expansion joints, and construction joints should be addressed first. Especially for hard-to-paint areas like drainage holes, a reinforced treatment is required, applying 2-3 coats of waterproof base paint.
2. Ensure the clear distinction between waterproof membranes, waterproof coatings, base coatings, and adhesive membranes coatings. Apply the base coating. To enhance the adhesion between the waterproof membrane and the base, apply the base coating repeatedly, ensuring even and complete coverage, allowing it to fully penetrate the concrete base. This improves the bonding strength and shear resistance.
3. Waterproof paint must be mixed according to the product instructions, at a ratio of A:B=2:1, and the mixing amount should be matched to the actual on-site usage.
4. The waterproof paint should be stirred thoroughly for about 3-5 minutes until the mixed liquid of components A and B is uniformly blended.
5. Begin applying the well-mixed waterproof coating to the designated area, ensuring the base coat is larger than the area of the adhesive membrane. The interval between mixing and finishing the application should not exceed 30 minutes.
6. After the initial coating is finished, wait approximately 4-8 hours before applying the second and third coats of base paint. The first coat should be about 0.5mm thick, the second coat around 0.5mm, and the third coat around 0.5mm. Ensure the initial coat is fully cured before applying the second coat.
7. Wait for the second coat of paint to fully cure before bonding the membranes (The waterproofing coating can be applied multiple times or sprayed, depending on the site conditions and thickness requirements of the project, but remember to complete the coating in one go).

Basements often have numerous wall penetration pipes and drainage pipes, which are frequent sites for leaks. Corner wall areas, in particular, tend to cause dampness and seepage. So, what are some effective basement waterproofing measures?
I. External Patching and Leak Repair Procedure:
A waterproof membrane is laid on the subfloor in the basement, and after the construction of the protective structure walls is completed, the facade waterproof membrane layer is directly applied to the exterior wall of the protective structure. Then, a basement waterproofing method with protective measures is adopted. The advantage of this method is that it minimizes the impact on the building structure from waterproofing and leakage prevention on the water-facing surface, offering superior protective measures.
Section II: Isolation Overlay Application Method
Off-wall lining construction method, in addition to taking waterproofing measures on the concrete walls and inner surfaces of the retaining structure, a separate off-wall interior wall is added on the inside of the main wall to meet the leakage prevention requirements for the basement. Although this approach involves multiple layers of defense and is conducive to drainage, it has issues such as high cost, difficulty in achieving sufficient drying of the retaining structure walls, and the challenge of ensuring watertightness at the joints of the column and wall concrete.
Section 3: Construction Method for Internal Application with External Adhesion
An internal-first, external-second application construction method involves first constructing all the protective walls on the subfloor base layer, then laying the waterproof membrane over the protective walls and subfloor base layer. Once the waterproofing layer for the basement is fully completed, concrete for the protective structure is poured. This approach is adopted when the construction environment is constrained and external-first, external-second method is not feasible, necessitating a leak-proofing construction technique for the basement.
Three basement waterproofing and leak repair solutions are commonly used; this should be determined based on the construction conditions. It is recommended to choose a reputable waterproofing and leak repair company to ensure the quality of the work.

How to Choose Waterproofing and Leak Repair Materials
For waterproofing and leak repair projects, from a material perspective, let me inform you that the selection of waterproofing and leak repair materials is the foundation and a crucial step in such projects, determining the quality and durability of the waterproofing. A sincere tip to all: waterproofing and leak repair materials come in various forms, types, and have significant differences in performance and price. From a construction standpoint, they also vary. Therefore, when choosing waterproofing and leak repair materials, ensure they meet the project requirements, and are in line with hydrogeological conditions, based on extensive research and use of the materials. From an experiential perspective, select materials based on climate conditions. In the north, where it's dry and cold, and in the south, where it's often rainy and humid, there are differences in material selection. Be reminded to choose materials that can withstand long-term sun exposure, high UV resistance, and high softening points, such as polyvinyl chloride membranes or APP modified asphalt membranes in the north. In the south, opt for water-resistant and bubble-resistant materials, like modified asphalt membranes with polyester felt or strong water-resistant adhesives. When selecting materials, consider the specific location of the building for the appropriate use. Materials have their uses and strengths and weaknesses, and only when used in the right location can they fulfill their value. For roof waterproofing, choose materials that are resistant to stretching and aging. For wall leakage, only coatings can be used, not membranes. It's also important to note that the project conditions must be considered when selecting materials, such as choosing materials based on the building grade; for grade one or two buildings, materials should be matched accordingly; for buildings with less stringent requirements, the selection range is broader; and for roofs with significant vibrations, materials with nail-holding capabilities should be chosen. These are the selection techniques for waterproofing and leak repair materials compiled from experience, technique, and expertise, hoping that after reading, you will have a clear direction for material selection.
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