Low harmonic content with sine reverse electromotive force; typical design values for harmonic content are approximately 2.5% for the third harmonic and 0.3% for the fifth harmonic.No toothed slot torque fluctuation.Wide torque/current linear range with high linearityHigh torque densityExtremely low hysteresis damping torque.Ultra-low inductance, small electrical time constant, and fast dynamic response.Low coaxiality requirement for stator-rotor assembly.