Piping compensators, also known as expanders or bellows, are primarily used to accommodate the thermal expansion and contraction of pipes due to temperature changes. If pipes cannot expand or contract freely during temperature fluctuations, thermal stress will be generated within the pipes. This stress must be considered in pipeline design, as otherwise it could lead to pipe破裂 and disrupt normal production. As an important component of pipeline engineering, compensators play a crucial role in ensuring the long-term proper operation of pipelines.