Primarily used in communication, broadcasting, television, radar, navigation, and remote sensing and control. Communication and broadcasting mainly use long wave, medium wave, and short wave (communication) waves.

The letter can also transmit signals via microwave; television uses ultra-short waves and microwaves for signal transmission; navigation primarily uses medium waves for signal transmission. Used for long waves and medium waves

The height of short-wave radio towers depends on factors such as wavelength (frequency), ground conductance coefficient, and propagation distance; for radio towers used for ultra-short waves and microwaves, the height is determined accordingly.

The transmission distance depends on. The transmission distance for ultra-short waves and microwaves is equal to the distance along the tangent of the ground surface from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna. For shorter distances,

Flat or slightly undulating terrain; the transmission distance can be calculated using the following formula (in kilometers). In the formula, HT represents the height of the transmitting antenna, and HR represents the height of the receiving antenna.

Height (meters). A relay tower must be set up in the middle when the actual distance exceeds the propagation distance calculated by the formula.