Breeding methods
Spruce generally adopts sowing seedling or cutting seedling, and it is better to cut one-year full branches from 1-5 year old seedlings for cuttings, which has a high survival rate. The hardwood cutting is carried out in February to March. After falling leaves, it is cut, tied and stored in the sand for winter. It is planted in the seedbed in the spring of the next year. It is sprayed with spray for moisture and has 30-40 natural roots. The cutting of tender branches is carried out from May to June, selecting semi woody branches with a length of 12-15 centimeters. After planting, roots are born 20-25 days later.
Water fir seeds are small in size and should be avoided from drought and waterlogging. Therefore, it is recommended to choose fertile and loose sandy loam soil with flat terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation as the nursery land. The optimal sowing period is when the soil temperature is above 12 degrees Celsius, mostly from late March to early April. During seed germination and seedling stage, it is important to regularly water, keep the soil moist, and provide appropriate shade.
When transplanting seedlings, small seedlings should bring more soil, while large seedlings should bring soil balls. Before planting, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied, and after planting, water should be thoroughly watered. Keep the soil moist during the growth period. Two years after planting, fertilize once before the spring sprouts, and once each in early summer and autumn. Trim appropriately during the seedling stage and straighten with fine bamboo.
Plants that are 30 years old can bear fruit, while those that are 40-60 years old enter their peak fruiting period. It is advisable to sow in spring in March, with a suitable temperature for germination of 12-20 ℃. After sowing for 10-15 days, the germination rate is 8% -10%. At that time, the seedlings could reach a height of over 40 centimeters.