Do you know about kindergarten building safety inspections?

An Analysis of Kindergarten Earthquake Resistance Safety Inspection and Appraisal Project: According to the requirements of the client unit, on-site inspections were conducted on the inspected buildings for the following items: (1) Survey of the structural system and drawing mapping, including the building structural form, axis network dimensions, component arrangement, and floor heights.

(2) House deformation detection, including overall tilt of the house and uneven settlement relative to each other.

(3) Main load-bearing structural concrete strength testing

(4) Reinforced concrete component cross-sectional dimensions and steel reinforcement configuration inspection

(5) Survey of apparent diseases

(6) Structural load-bearing capacity calculation and analysis

(7) Home Safety Assessment

Evaluations and Ratings: Following on-site inspections and testing of the kindergarten building structure in Jiangle County, and in accordance with the provisions of the "Civil Building Safety Identification Standard," the foundation and substructure safety grade was indirectly rated as Bu, the upper load-bearing structure safety grade was rated as Bu, and the protective system safety grade was rated as Bu. The comprehensive evaluation of the building (evaluation unit) safety identification grade is Bsu, which is slightly below the requirements for Asu level but does not significantly affect the overall bearing capacity. There may be a few components that require measures. Generally meets the safety requirements for the use of the building structure.

Preschool Earthquake Resistance Safety Inspection and Assessment – Assessment Content

Safety Assessment: Evaluate potential safety hazards in kindergarten school buildings, considering factors such as service life.

2. Seismic Evaluation: Based on the basic intensity of earthquakes in the region as published by the earthquake department, the evaluation of the kindergarten's building design and quality is conducted to ensure compliance with the "Civil Building Identification Standards," "Building Seismic Identification Standards," and relevant seismic design specifications.

3. Flood and Inundation Resistance Certification. Based on the flood control information of the region released by the Water Authority, assess whether the design and quality of each kindergarten building meet the standards of the "Flood Control Standards" and the "Civil Building Quality Assessment Standards."

4. Wind Resistance Assessment. Based on the typhoon conditions of the region published by the meteorological department, evaluate whether the quality of each kindergarten building meets the requirements for wind resistance capacity and the standards of the "Civil Building Quality Appraisal Criteria."

5. Other certifications. Whether they meet the relevant national and provincial standards and requirements.

(II) Identification Main Criteria and Requirements

Based on the National Standards and Regulations such as the Uniform Standards for Design of Building Structures, Seismic Evaluation Standards for Buildings, Identification Standards for Dangerous Buildings, Technical Standards for Structural Testing of Buildings, Identification Standards for Civil Buildings, Classification Standards for Seismic Defense of Buildings, Design Code for Seismic Resistance of Buildings, and Flood Control Standards, the kindergarten's school buildings are evaluated for their structural integrity, seismic capacity, and comprehensive disaster prevention capabilities.

2. Job Requirements.

(1) The assessment should be implemented categorically. Schools that have already been inspected and reported by qualified assessment departments at or above the county level, those identified as D-level dangerous buildings, and ongoing construction projects no longer require re-assessment. Assess the seismic fortification of school buildings constructed before 2015. The assessment must strictly adhere to seismic fortification standards and related disaster prevention requirements, leaving no blind spots.

(2) School Building Safety Assessment

① School Building Safety Assessment. The safety assessment work is entrusted to design units or building safety assessment institutions with a B-level or higher qualification, with the earthquake department and construction commission providing support, and a safety assessment report is issued. During the safety assessment process, for school buildings that require physical inspections, a testing unit with the corresponding qualifications should be entrusted to conduct the inspection and issue a test report.

② Seismic Evaluation of School Buildings. Schools that have been safety assessed as Asu, Bsu, or Csu require further seismic evaluation. The seismic evaluation should be carried out by design units or building safety evaluation agencies with qualifications above the B level, entrusted by the county or district school safety office (with support from the earthquake department and construction commission), and a "Seismic Evaluation Report" should be issued. During the seismic evaluation process, for schools that require physical inspections, a testing unit with the corresponding qualifications should be entrusted to conduct the inspection and issue a test report.

③ School Fire Safety Assessment. Conducted by the Fire Department, technical personnel organize assessments of school buildings requiring fire safety evaluations and issue assessment reports. ④ School Lightning Protection Safety Assessment. Managed by the Meteorological Department, lightning protection safety and technical personnel assess the lightning protection systems and issue assessment reports. ⑤ Other School Safety Assessments. Carried out by relevant departments, with separate assessment reports issued. ⑥ Comprehensive Assessment Conclusions. Based on the seismic and structural safety, fire safety, and lightning protection safety assessment opinions or reports from various institutions, the school safety offices of each county and district form comprehensive assessment conclusions. In accordance with relevant requirements, a registration form for each school and building is established and archived.

Three, kindergarten seismic safety testing and identification that do not meet relevant standards require reinforcement treatment - Masonry structure seismic reinforcement technology. The existing issues with masonry structures are their insufficient overall seismic performance, thus the seismic reinforcement design of masonry school buildings should perfect and enhance their overall structural integrity. For masonry school buildings with poor overall structural integrity, various tensioning elements such as ring beams, tie rods, and structural columns should be used for reinforcement. If necessary, reinforced mesh mortar surface layers or sandwich walls can be used to reinforce the exterior walls. It is advisable to adopt reinforcement measures that are beneficial for improving the overall seismic system of the structure. For school buildings with significant torsional effects, reinforcement should be applied to weak areas by adding masonry seismic walls, adding surface layers to existing walls, etc., to significantly adjust the distribution of structural stiffness. For non-rigid structural systems in open buildings with large spacing between transverse walls, additional transverse walls should be added to reduce the spacing, or reinforced concrete floors and roofs can be used instead of prefabricated floors and roofs, to meet the requirements of a rigid system.

When the height and story count of existing multi-story school buildings exceed the prescribed limits, the following seismic countermeasures should be adopted:

When the total height of the existing multi-story primary and secondary school masonry buildings exceeds the permitted height while the number of stories does not exceed the specified limit, effective measures to enhance the load-bearing capacity of general buildings and strengthen the wall constraints should be adopted.

(2) When the existing multi-story masonry school buildings exceed the specified limit on the number of stories, the structural system should be altered or the number of stories reduced; alternatively, the use can be changed to no longer serve as a school building, utilizing it as a Class C defense facility in compliance with the Class C defense story limit. When adopting a structural system change plan, reinforced concrete double-sided sandwich panels with a total thickness of not less than 120mm can be uniformly added in two directions.

2. When the seismic bearing capacity of the building does not meet the requirements, the following reinforcement methods can be chosen:

(1) Enhanced Wall Reinforcement: Reinforce walls on one or both sides with shotcrete panels.

(2) Reinforcement Mesh Mortar Layer Addition: Reinforcement mesh mortar layer reinforcement is applied to one or both sides of the wall.

(3) Reinforcement with Steel Wire Ropes and Polymer Mortar Coating: Reinforce one or both sides of the wall with a steel wire rope-polymer mortar coating layer.

(4) Additional Column Reinforcement: Reinforced concrete structural columns should be cast-in-place at the junctions of walls, integrating them with the ring beams and tie rods into a single unit, or connecting them to the cast-in-place reinforced concrete floors and roofs.

(5) Reinforced Concrete Sheathing: Local columns, wall niches, and door and window openings can also be reinforced with cast-in-place reinforced concrete sheathing.

(6) Repairs or Grouting: For walls with cracks, pressure grouting can be used for repair. For walls with poor mortar consistency or a lower grade of masonry mortar strength, full-wall grouting reinforcement is recommended. The stiffness and seismic resistance of the repaired wall can be calculated based on the original masonry mortar strength grade; for walls reinforced with full-wall grouting, the calculation can be increased by one grade from the original masonry mortar strength grade.

When the integrity of the house does not meet the requirements, it is advisable to choose the following reinforcement methods:

When the wall layout is not closed within the plane, additional wall sections can be added, or a cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame can be constructed at the opening to form a closure.

When the cross walls are poorly connected, reinforcement can be achieved by using steel tie rods, long anchor rods, additional columns, or additional lintel beams.

(3) If the support length of the floor and roof components does not meet the requirements, additional beams can be added or measures to enhance the overall integrity of the floor and roof can be taken; components that have corroded or deteriorated should be replaced; understring rods should be added to the truss without a bottom chord.

(4) If the column arrangement does not meet the identification requirements, additional external columns can be added. When the walls are reinforced with double-sided steel mesh mortar coating or reinforced concrete board walls, and reinforcing bands with interlocking ties are added at the wall junctions, no additional structural columns are needed.

(5) When the ring beam does not meet the identification requirements, an additional ring beam should be added. The outer wall ring beam is preferably cast-in-place reinforced concrete, while the inner wall ring beam can be replaced with steel tie rods or anchor rods added at the ends of the depth beams. When reinforcing the wall with double-sided steel mesh mortar surface or reinforced concrete panel walls, and adding reinforced bands at both ends, an additional ring beam may not be required.

(6) When prefabricated buildings or roofs do not meet seismic evaluation requirements, additional reinforced concrete cast-in-place layers or the addition of beam supports for reinforcement can be implemented to strengthen the roofs or buildings.

4. For sections of the house prone to collapse, it is advisable to opt for the following reinforcement methods:

(1) When the width between windows is too narrow or the seismic capacity does not meet requirements, additional reinforced concrete window frames can be installed, or reinforcement mesh mortar surface layer, panel walls, etc. can be used for reinforcement. (2) When the wall sections supporting large beams and others do not meet the seismic capacity requirements, additional composite columns, reinforced concrete columns, or reinforcement mesh mortar surface layer, panel walls can be used for reinforcement.

When the wall supporting the cantilevering components does not meet the assessment requirements, it is advisable to reinforce the end of the cantilevering components with reinforced concrete columns or composite columns, and to conduct a review of the cantilevering components.

(4) For partition walls without ties or loosely tied, reinforcement can be achieved by using镶边bordering, embedding steel sleeves, anchor bars, or steel tie rods. When partition walls are excessively long or tall, reinforcement can be provided with a reinforced steel mesh mortar facing.

(5) When the staircase, elevator, and water tank rooms above the roof do not meet the assessment requirements, reinforcement can be achieved by applying a surface layer or additional columns. The top should be connected to the roof structure components, and the bottom should be linked to the reinforcement measures of the main structure.

(6) When chimneys, unreinforced parapets, storefronts, and other components exceed the specified height, it is advisable to dismantle, reduce the height, or reinforce with angle steel or steel tie rods. (7) If the anchoring length of cantilever components does not meet the requirements, additional tie rods can be installed or measures can be taken to reduce the cantilever length.

When the seismic capacity of multi-story primary and secondary school masonry buildings with obvious torsional effects does not meet the requirements, brick walls can be added to weak areas or an additional layer can be applied to the original walls. Alternatively, measures such as dividing the planar units to reduce torsional effects can be adopted.

That concludes the introduction by the editor aboutDo you know about kindergarten building safety inspections?If there's anything you're still unclear about, feel free to consult our website. Our technical staff will be happy to explain it to you.

Keywords:Preschool Building Safety Inspection  Home Quality and Safety Inspection  Building Structure Safety Inspection

Editor's Picks

Factory quality and safety inspection process

Principles of Factory Load-Bearing Inspection and Appraisal

Which homes require quality and safety inspections?