Marine Cable Faults in Flexibility and Bendability Performance
Selecting the right marine cable from the outset can prevent many issues caused by cable failures, particularly those operating in extreme and harsh environments. Indeed, matching the correct temperature range and relying on the protective function of PVC sheathing is quite straightforward. However, there's much more to consider. Before selecting a cable that is a perfect fit, engineers must consider many details, such as how the cable will perform at extreme temperatures, identifying the types of chemicals it may come into contact with (oils, fuels, solvents, etc.), understanding the differences in flexibility and bendability, and grading for UV exposure and EMI/RFI interference.
Flexibility and Bendability
Flexible cables require specific bending shielding. When the shielding is torn and loses continuity, opting for standard foil shielding can lead to system failure. It is crucial to remember the distinction between flexibility and bending performance. The ability of marine cables to bend and complete assembly is vital; the installation of soft cables is simpler, as is the fault detection in cabinets or cable trays. One point to note: when cables are used for cabinet connection, circular cables offer better sealing than typical spiral cables. Therefore, the correct degree of bending should be chosen after considering the circuit. In some manufacturing applications, cables will be bent repeatedly. The ability to withstand millions of bends is much more complex than flexibility. So, how do you choose a bending cable? First, consider the type of bend—single-axis, twist, or multi-axis? Each type requires cables with different characteristics. For example, single-axis control cables require the highest performance (up to 14 million bends) and need soft cable structures with continuous bending shielding. In environments with lower requirements for single-axis, a bending structure is needed with cables capable of at least 1 million bends. In twist or different bending applications (such as torque robots, etc.), complex cables that can twist and perform up to 350°/m of arbitrary robot torque operations are required.
Filter (Primary Factor)
Marine cables require shielding against the conduction and radiation of high-frequency and low-frequency electrical noise to protect signals, especially in critical applications. However, due to varying environmental conditions, it is challenging to determine which types of shielding are needed to protect signals. When special protection for signals is required (such as in certain applications and specifications that necessitate shielded cables to minimize crosstalk and conductive EMI), cables with a woven structure featuring three layers of thin metal foil should be chosen to ensure continuous grounding and eliminate transmission gaps. For general EMI protection (conduction and radiation), a standard foil shielding is sufficient. In chemical, oil, solvent, and fuel environments, the effects of chemicals on cables are often overlooked, except in cases with particularly obvious impacts, such as the influence of oil on polymer cable sheaths. It is crucial to consider that different materials may perform differently in the same chemical environment due to variations in strength and exposure levels.
Temperature Affects
One more point to note: temperature can affect chemicals. For instance, high temperatures can produce steam, impacting the integrity of cables used in ocean-going vessels, but cables remain unaffected in liquid form. In addition to considering the cable's chemical resistance, potential fluid entry points must also be noted. Therefore, the cable's external geometric structure is crucial for system integrity as well. All engineers and system designers will choose marine cables that meet the temperature requirements of the working environment. However, the various impacts of extreme temperatures are often overlooked. For example, a cable with a rated temperature range of -13℃ may maintain its electrical performance at -13℃, but low temperatures can affect its physical properties.
Cable and wire, serving as the nerves and blood vessels of ships, directly correlates with the ships' performance, reliability, advancement, and combat capabilities. Therefore, the selection of ship cables must be made accurately based on different situations to effectively avoid cable failures and seize the opportunity of the vigorous development of China's shipbuilding industry to fully thrive.
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