Bluetooth Technology's New Trend: Breaking Free from Key Constraints in Cars

Domestic electric vehicle sales have seen rapid growth, which is inseparable from the adoption of new technologies by car manufacturers. Domestic car manufacturers have courageously applied new technologies to vehicles, such as smart cockpits, autonomous driving, drowsy driving detection, remote start, keyless entry, and more. For example, some models from Tesla, Xpeng, BYD, and others can be unlocked with a smartphone, eliminating the need for car keys and freeing people from the constraints of keys.

How does the car complete the phone unlocking process? In fact, the industry has long had the concept of "Passive Entry Passive Start (PEPS)" technology. To elaborate, a Bluetooth module is added to the car, which actively emits low-frequency signals to locate the owner's phone. Through precise ISSI algorithms and encrypted communication processes, the car automatically unlocks when the phone is near and locks automatically when it is away.

Industry experts introduce that Bluetooth inherently holds an advantage, as its widespread application in smartphones has greatly ensured the reliability of connection protocols. Additionally, Bluetooth technology can initially judge distance by obtaining the signal strength of remote devices and utilizing AoA/AoD functions, and then improve the accuracy of distance calculation through precise ISSI algorithms, thereby providing users with a reliable near-unlock and far-lock experience.

The participation of the Bluetooth module and the introduction of the phone allow drivers to be free from the constraints of keys. Additionally, through the mobile app, electronic keys can be shared with others for use, and can be secured by limiting the validity time and number of uses.

Not all Bluetooth chips are suitable for automotive applications; they must undergo vehicle-grade certification, as electronic components used in cars must comply with ISO 26262 standards. The ISO 26262 standard is divided into four levels: ASIL A, B, C, and D, with ASIL A representing the lowest level and ASIL D indicating the highest level of automotive hazard. Systems like airbags, anti-lock braking, and power steering require ASIL-D level (with high safety demands and strictness), due to the high risk associated with failure. At the other end of the spectrum, components like tail lights only need ASIL-A. Headlights and brake lights are typically ASIL-B, while cruise control systems are usually ASIL-C.