The electromagnetic iron separator is a new type of separator developed with the advancement of China's rare earth technology. With abundant rare earth resources, the development and application of various rare earth permanent magnet materials are progressing rapidly. Permanent magnet separators can be categorized into four types based on the iron discharge method: belt automatic discharge, plate manual discharge, hand-operated discharge, and flip plate discharge. Additionally, there are pipeline, grille, grid shelf, passage, permanent magnet drum, and rotating drum types.
(1) BeltElectromagnetic Iron RemoverThe Magnetic Separator with Belt features automatic iron removal, a constant magnetic field, no change in cold or hot states, few failure points, and is widely used under a 1,200 mm belt width. Due to the current limitations of magnetic shielding technology, it brings considerable trouble to manufacturing, transportation, installation, operation, and maintenance. For instance, large iron pieces being attracted to the magnetic box may pose issues of being unable to be removed, potentially causing the belt to be caught and the motor to be destroyed. It is also difficult to clear, and there is a possibility of damaging the magnetic pieces, thus limiting its application in larger specifications.
(2) Plate-type manual iron separator with electromagnetic removal. It is simple, cost-effective, takes up minimal space, and is easy to manufacture, install, and maintain. It can be roughly divided into two types based on the configuration method: suspended fixed and bottom fixed. The suspended fixed plate-type iron separator is suitable for installation above the belt conveyor, while the bottom fixed plate-type iron separator is suitable for installation below the hopper or chute. This type of iron removal equipment is suitable for situations with minimal iron impurities and where the thickness of the material flow does not exceed 100 mm. During operation, the iron impurities are directly attracted to the magnetic plate, requiring regular manual iron removal, which can be labor-intensive.
(3) Manual electromagnetic iron separator. The manual permanent magnet iron separator removes iron by using a handwheel to scrape the iron pieces out of the magnetic field with a scraper, but it is generally not suitable for situations with larger iron pieces.
(4) Flip-plate type electromagnetic iron separator. When unloading iron, the magnetic system of the flip-plate permanent magnet iron separator is flipped about 90 degrees. This causes ferromagnetic materials to automatically fall off. Its design features a structure that elevates the magnetic system out of the magnetic field (drawer-style). Compared to the belt type, it has a shorter length and slightly higher height, with more convenient and simpler operation.
Pipe-type Electromagnetic Iron Remover. The pipe-type iron remover is a wet-process iron removal equipment, primarily composed of magnetic rods inserted into the pipeline. It is suitable for iron removal in slurry, particularly for the removal of fine iron particles. Mainly used in industries such as cement, grain, glass, and chemicals, it features a simple structure but is generally manually unloaded (with some models being pipe-type electromagnetic iron removers). The structure includes: ① External iron remover, which is attached to one or both sides of the pipeline (typically rectangular pipeline); ② Internal iron remover, located centrally in the pipeline in a conical shape (typically circular pipeline).
(6) Grid-style Permanent Magnet Iron Separator. This separator is composed of multiple magnetic rods spaced apart. With a guide plate installed above the grid, it increases the likelihood of magnetic rods attracting iron impurities within the material. To accommodate different feeders, the device can be customized into circular grids or square grids according to customer requirements. Suitable for iron removal in materials less than 12.5 mm in size.
(7) Grate-type Electromagnetic Iron Remover. Typically tubular in design, it features a squeezing magnetic field arrangement, making it suitable for both dry and wet pipeline iron removal. Primarily used for removing impurities from raw materials such as chemicals, pulp, and minerals. It boasts high magnetic field intensity and a large gradient, but with a relatively small depth and poor uniformity.
(8) Channel-type electromagnetic iron separator. This separator is primarily composed of two magnetic plates assembled within a frame. The channel frame above also...
The equipment features a flow guide plate, which enables an iron removal rate of the material. Its advantage lies in the thorough and effective removal of mechanical iron from the block material (50-60 mm in size).
(9) Electromagnetic Iron Remover. It is mainly composed of a multi-fixed magnetic system and a cylinder made of non-magnetic materials. The angle of the fixed magnetic system is 180° or 360°. The cylinder rotates around the magnetic system or the entire magnetic drum rotates. It is generally used to replace the active wheel of a belt conveyor, which can not only drive the belt to transport materials but also serve as a sorting function. It plays a crucial role in steel mill slag recycling, mine iron sand and stone rough selection, and non-magnetic material purification. The operation is simple. This equipment is suitable for iron removal during the transportation of coarse particles less than 50 mm.
(1O) Electro-magnetic Iron Remover. The magnetic system and drum construction of this device are essentially the same as that of the previously mentioned drum-type iron remover. The difference lies in the fact that this drum is driven by a separate motor, allowing for continuous and independent iron removal. It is highly suitable for applications where a high iron content is present in the material flow.
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