The applications of cable wires are very extensive, thus driving the development of the cable recycling industry. There are two main categories of usage: optical fibers and copper wires. For copper wires, the primary choice is 100 ohm unshielded twisted pair cables and 100 ohm coaxial cables. For optical fibers, the primary choices are 62.5/125um multimode fibers and 10/125um single-mode fibers. This is commonly referred to as copper wire, aluminum wire, and so on.
Copper and fiber optic cables, multi-purpose branch cables, can be further divided into two categories: reclaimed wire and cable, and outdoor and indoor cables. These cables differ in both performance and construction. Copper and fiber optic cables can also be categorized into two basic types: outdoor cables (including six types of FTP shielded cables) and indoor cables. These cables vary in function and construction. Cables designed for indoor use have an air-core inside with a flame-retardant jacket on the outside. Such cables can also be used in environments with harmful gases. Outdoor cables are commonly used between buildings, meeting the specific environmental requirements of the installation sites. Common installation methods include underground cables (installed in pipes), cables laid in underground tunnels and holes, containing either hollow or solid cables with a protective layer as an outer sheath, directly buried cables laid in trenches without pipe protection, and overhead cables supported by poles between buildings.
Basic performance of recycled cable ground wire is to effectively propagate electromagnetic waves (field) according to electromagnetic field theory: the ground wire is a transmission line for broadcasting, where electromagnetic waves propagate in a prescribed direction, and during the propagation process along the line, the conversion of electromagnetic field energy is achieved.
Generally, its basic performance is summarized into six key items:
(1) Electrical Performance Guidelines cover electrical, electrical insulation, and transmission properties. Electrical insulation generally refers to cable products, with key recycling projects including insulation resistance, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and voltage withstand characteristics. Transmission properties mainly pertain to high-frequency transmission and anti-interference characteristics.
(2) Mechanical properties include tensile strength, elongation, flexibility, elasticity, softness, vibration resistance, wear resistance, and impact resistance, among others.
(3) Thermal properties include the product's heat resistance grade, operating temperature, heat and cooling characteristics of power cables, current carrying capacity, short-circuit and overload capabilities, thermal deformation and heat shock resistance of synthetic materials, thermal expansion of materials, and drip performance of impregnated or coated materials, etc.
(4) Corrosion resistance includes resistance to electrochemical corrosion, biological and bacterial侵蚀, chemical agents (oils, acids, alkalis, chemical solvents, etc.) erosion, and salt spray performance.
(5) Weather resistance refers to the ability of recycled wire and cable products and their constituent materials to maintain their original properties (sunlight resistance, cold resistance, anti-mold, and moisture resistance) under the influence of mechanical (should) stress, electrical stress, thermal stress, and various other external factors, as well as under the conditions of external climate.
(6) Other performance indicators include the physical properties of certain materials (such as the hardness and creep of metallic materials, and the compatibility of polymer materials) as well as specific application characteristics of the products (like flame retardancy, resistance to atomic radiation, insect resistance, transmission, and energy damping).
