Cable wires have a wide range of applications, leading to the growth of the cable recycling industry. Their usage is categorized into two types: optical fibers and copper cables. For copper cables, 100 ohm unshielded twisted pair and 100 ohm coaxial cables are primarily chosen. For optical fibers, 62.5/125um multimode fibers and 10/125um single-mode fibers are primarily used. That is, as commonly said, copper wires, aluminum wires, and so on.
Copper and fiber optic cables, multi-purpose branch cables, can be further divided into two categories: reclaimed wire and cable, and outdoor and indoor cables. These cables differ in performance and construction. Copper and fiber optic cables can also be divided into two fundamental types: outdoor cables (including six types of FTP shielded cables) and indoor cables. These cables vary in function and construction. Cables designed for indoor use have an air-core inside with a flame-retardant jacket on the outside. Such cables can also be used in environments with harmful gases. Outdoor cables are commonly used between buildings, meeting specific environmental requirements for installation sites. Common installation methods include underground cables (installed in pipes), cables laid in underground tunnels and holes, which may contain hollow or solid cables with a protective sheath, directly buried cables laid in trenches without pipe protection, and cables suspended on utility poles between buildings.
The basic function of recycled cable recovery ground wires is to effectively propagate electromagnetic waves (fields) according to electromagnetic field theory: ground wires are a type of transmission line for guiding and transmitting, where electromagnetic waves propagate in a prescribed direction, achieving the conversion of electromagnetic field energy during the propagation along the line.
Generally, its basic performance is summarized into six items:
(1) Electrical Performance Guidelines include electrical properties, electrical insulation properties, and transmission properties. Electrical insulation properties generally refer to cable products, with the main recycling projects being insulation resistance, dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and voltage withstand characteristics. Transmission properties mainly refer to high-frequency transmission characteristics and anti-interference properties.
(2) Mechanical properties include tensile strength, elongation, flexibility, elasticity, softness, vibration resistance, wear resistance, and impact resistance, among others.
(3) Thermal properties include the product's heat resistance grade, operating temperature, the heating and cooling characteristics of power cables, current carrying capacity, short-circuit and overload capabilities, the thermal deformation and heat shock resistance of synthetic materials, the thermal expansion of materials, and the drip performance of impregnated or coated materials.
(4) Corrosion resistance includes resistance to electrochemical corrosion, biological and bacterial erosion, chemical erosion by substances (oils, acids, alkalis, chemical solvents, etc.), and salt mist performance.
(5) Weatherability refers to the ability of recycled wire and cable products and their constituent materials to maintain their original properties (sunlight resistance, cold resistance, mold prevention, and moisture resistance) under the influence of mechanical (should) stress, electrical stress, thermal stress, and other external factors, as well as under varying climatic conditions.
(6) Other performance indicators include the physical properties of certain materials (such as the hardness and creep of metallic materials, and the compatibility of polymer materials), as well as specific application characteristics of the products (such as flame retardancy, resistance to atomic radiation, insect resistance, transmission, and energy damping).
