The structure of the filter bag dust collector consists of an inlet pipe, exhaust pipe, housing, ash hopper, cleaning device, guiding device, air分流 distribution plate, filter bags, and electrical control unit, similar to the structure of a gas box pulse bag dust collector.
The arrangement of filter cartridges in dust collectors is crucial, as they can be vertically mounted on the housing roof or inclined on it. From the perspective of cleaning efficiency, vertical arrangement is more rational. The lower part of the roof houses the filter chamber, while the upper part is the pulse jet gas box. A gas distribution plate is installed at the entrance of the dust collector.
Working Principle
Upon entering the dust collector's hopper, the dusty gas experiences a sudden expansion of the airflow cross-section and the effect of the distribution plate, causing some coarse particles to settle at the bottom of the hopper due to the action of dynamic and inertial forces. Fine particles with low density enter the dust removal chamber, where they are deposited on the filter material surface through a combination of Brownian diffusion and sieve filtration effects. The purified gas then enters the clean air chamber and is exhausted through the exhaust pipe by the fan.
The resistance of the baghouse dust collector increases with the thickness of the dust layer on the filter material surface. Cleaning is initiated when the resistance reaches a specified value. At this point, the PLC program controls the opening and closing of the pulse valve. First, the single-chamber lifting valve is closed to cut off the filtering airflow, followed by the activation of the electromagnetic pulse valve. Compressed air rapidly expands within the upper chamber for a short period, flooding into the filter bags, causing them to expand and deform, resulting in vibration. Under the action of the reverse airflow, the dust adhered to the outer surface of the filter bags is stripped off and falls into the ash hopper. After cleaning, the electromagnetic pulse valve is closed, and the lifting valve is opened, restoring the filtering state of the chamber. Each cleaning chamber is cleaned sequentially, from the first chamber to the next cleaning initiation, forming a cleaning cycle. The fallen dust is discharged into the ash hopper through the discharge valve.
During this process, filters need to be regularly replaced and cleaned to ensure effective filtration and precision. This is because, during the filtration process, in addition to being trapped, some dust particles accumulate on the filter material surface, increasing resistance. Therefore, the general correct replacement time is between three to five months!