Ocean buoys are multi-sensor equipped platforms for marine environmental monitoring and data collection. Anchored in designated areas, they provide long-term, continuous, and real-time monitoring of the marine environment. Typically consisting of a buoyant body, sensor array, data transmission module, power supply system (such as solar panels and batteries), and mooring devices, they operate stably in complex sea conditions.

Its core functions span multiple domains: In marine meteorology and hydrological monitoring, it can collect data such as air temperature, air pressure, wind speed, wave height, ocean current, water temperature, and salinity, providing support for weather forecasting and storm surge warnings; in terms of marine ecological protection, it can monitor indicators such as seawater pH, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll concentration, enabling timely detection of ecological anomalies like red tides; simultaneously, it also offers security information for maritime shipping and fishery production, accumulating fundamental data for marine scientific research.

Ocean buoys offer advantages such as wide monitoring range, immunity to adverse weather conditions, and high levels of automation. They are crucial facilities for constructing a three-dimensional ocean monitoring network and play a significant role in marine resource development, disaster prevention and mitigation, and ecological environment management.