The upward continuous casting machine is a key equipment in the upward casting process. The upward rolling steel is achieved through intermittent pulling, with each action's stroke and pitch, the start/stop ratio of the intermittent pulling, the number of pulls, and the pitch all affecting the quality of the billet. The adoption of a servo motor pulling system not only meets the high-frequency intermittent pulling requirements but also allows the pitch to be freely adjusted according to different billet diameters without deviation, ensuring stable operation.
The crystallizer is a critical component of the upward continuous casting machine, playing a decisive role in the quality of the casting billet and the upward casting speed. Particularly, the structure, material selection, and dimensional accuracy of the once-cooling zone directly affect the heat conduction and crystallization rate. The gap size between the inner wall of the copper tubes in the secondary cooling zone of the crystallizer and the casting billet greatly influences the refrigeration efficiency of the billet.
The simplicity of the process in the electro-controlled continuous casting of steel is one of its features, yet the requirements for process operation are stringent. The copper liquid temperature, level fluctuations, the insertion depth of the crystallizer into the copper liquid, the牵引 (traction) diameter, frequency, and the cooling water's pressure, flow rate, and temperature must all be controlled within specific ranges. Fortunately, the upward continuous casting machine is equipped with a relatively comprehensive control and reporting system.
During the operation of the continuous casting machine, operators should pay attention to the following matters: timely maintenance of the crystallizer. Clean and remove scale to ensure waterways are unobstructed; electrolytic copper must be clean before entering the furnace, and it should be preheated and dried in the furnace first to remove moisture, etc. Electrolytic copper and scrap copper rod wire that do not comply with the process regulations are strictly prohibited from entering the furnace. The feeding must be balanced, requiring less frequent additions, and maintaining stable furnace temperature and copper liquid level.
The copper coins or recycled copper scrap must not float on the copper melt surface and should be promptly hammered into the melt. The charcoal entering the furnace must be roasted, and the charcoal cover must be tightly sealed, maintaining a consistent thickness to prevent the copper melt from absorbing oxygen and hydrogen from the air. The process of removing slag and replacing charcoal must be carefully carried out according to the technical standards to prevent the copper melt from being exposed to air and breathing.
Ensure timely removal of slag adhering to furnace walls to prevent harmful substances from re-entering the copper melt; constantly monitor the quality of copper rods, the level of copper melt, the coverage of charcoal, and changes in process indicators. If an abnormality in the quality of the copper rods is detected, immediate measures must be taken to address it.
