The absorption central air conditioning system utilizes a refrigerant pair of lithium bromide-water. Taking advantage of the property of lithium bromide to absorb water at low temperatures and release it at high temperatures, the lithium bromide-water refrigerant pair is formed. The entire lithium bromide air conditioning unit enables lithium bromide to replace the compressor, circulating the refrigerant (water) to transfer heat. During the operation of the refrigeration unit, as the lithium bromide aqueous solution is heated by the heat medium water in the generator, the water in the solution continuously vaporizes; the steam enters the condenser, where it is cooled by the cooling water and condenses. With the continuous vaporization of water, the solution concentration in the generator increases, and it enters the absorber. When the water in the condenser passes through a throttle valve into the evaporator, it rapidly expands and vaporizes, absorbing a large amount of heat from the refrigerant water in the evaporator during the vaporization process, thereby achieving the cooling and refrigeration effect. In this process, the low-temperature steam enters the absorber, where it is absorbed by the concentrated lithium bromide solution in the absorber, gradually reducing the solution concentration. The solution is then pumped back to the generator, completing the entire cycle.

Lithium bromide is commonly used in factories and areas with significant waste gas heat emissions. It is energy-efficient but requires constant monitoring by a staff member 24/7. Additionally, lithium bromide central air conditioning systems demand high levels of airtightness, with no leaks allowed.

Lithium bromide boasts several advantages: it is affordable, highly stable, with a melting point of 549°C and a boiling point of 1256°C, making it non-volatile under normal temperatures or moderate heat. It is also easily soluble in water. Water serves as the refrigerant in lithium bromide air conditioning systems, while lithium bromide acts as the absorbent, contributing to its cost-effectiveness. Lithium bromide does not decompose in the atmosphere.