Cables and wires are indispensable in the power system, especially in transmission lines. There are various types, including special cables and insulated cables. Below, we will provide you with the most comprehensive introduction!

Wires and cables are used for the transmission of electrical (magnetic) energy, information, and for the conversion of electromagnetic energy. In the broad sense, wires and cables are also simply referred to as "cables," while in the narrow sense, a cable refers to insulated cables, which can be defined as a composite consisting of: one or more insulated wire cores, along with their respective sheaths, a total protective layer, and an outer sheath. Cables may also include additional conductors without insulation.

Wiring products used for transmitting electrical (magnetic) energy, information, and for electromagnetic energy conversion. Broadly, wire and cable products are also simply referred to as "cable," while narrowly, cable refers specifically to insulated cable. It can be defined as a collective body consisting of: one or more insulated cores, their respective sheathings, the overall protective layer, and the outer sheath. Cables may also include additional uninsulated conductors.

1. Inspect the shielding layer weaving: Ensure the number of weaves is sufficient, check the copper material weaving for weldability, scrape the tin-plated copper wire to see if it's copper inside, and the hardness of aluminum-magnesium alloy wire is significantly greater than that of copper wire. Sparse weaving, uneven distribution, and loose wrapping with the insulation layer indicate poor cable quality. Burn the core wire with a lighter; if it's copper-clad aluminum, the difference in color between the inside and the outside copper is easily noticeable. Peel off the outer sheath and observe the weaving angle of the shielding layer; if most of them are standing up, it suggests a larger weaving angle, indicating a product that has been cut corners.

2. PVC Sheath: The surface shows a regular "irregularity" in the woven mesh, indicating good processing technology and no relative sliding, making it a good cable. The appearance is smooth, and the "irregularity" of the tightly woven mesh is not visible; when squeezing the sheath with your hand, it feels loose, indicating a poor cable.

3. Inspect the adhesion between the core wire and the insulation layer: Diagonally cut through the insulation layer, then pull the core wire apart in the stripping direction, observing whether there is any adhesion material between the core wire and the insulation layer; Good cables have a strong adhesion, while poor cables lack adhesion.

4. Inspect core wire: Diameter - for SYV cable, it is 0.78-0.8mm, for SYWV cable, it is 1.0mm; recently, a cable with a core wire diameter of 1.0mm for SYV75-5 has emerged, and its characteristic impedance is definitely not 75 ohms, so it should not be used in 75 ohm transmission systems; use a caliper to measure the diameter of the cable's inner core.

5. Tensile Test in the Vertical Direction: Take one meter of security cable, strip the core wire, insulation layer, shielding layer, and outer sheath separately, leaving each 10 cm long. The method is: hold the adjacent two layers of the cable with each hand and pull in opposite directions; good cables are generally not easy to pull, while poor cables can be easily pulled out with minimal effort.

6. Unroll a spool to measure length, or roughly estimate weight using a scale.

Solution

If you've purchased the aforementioned substandard cables and encountered issues, here are several recommended solutions:

1. If the transmission distance exceeds 800 meters, use SYV-75-5 cable. If you find no image or the image is flickering, you can use a video amplifier. It employs a video segmentation amplification method, which can amplify the video signal by 10 times, thereby effectively extending the transmission distance (simple amplifiers are not suitable, as they cause significant signal loss).

2. If multiple cables interfere with each other, a multi-signal multiplexer device can be used, enabling the simultaneous transmission of 8 video images and control signals over a single video cable.

3. If you encounter difficulties with cable welding, we recommend purchasing pure tin welding wire and using a high-power iron for quick welding; never apply solder slowly.

4. If you're not confident with video cables, you can also use equipment that transmits multiple video signals via radio frequency cables. One radio frequency cable can simultaneously transmit 20 channels of video and control signals. The transmission range can reach up to 3 kilometers, making it more cost-effective as well.

Scrap cable recycling company offers long-term, high-priced scrap cable recycling services. Scrap cables are typically made up of several or multiple sets of wires (each set consisting of at least two wires) twisted around a central core, resembling a rope in shape, with a highly insulated sheath covering the outer layer.

One. Recycled Cable Collection Brand:

Long-term, high-price recycling services for domestic and imported scrap cables from brands such as Baosheng, Runle Taiyang, Yuandong, Shangshang, Panda,亨通光电, Nangang, Prewatt, Wujiang, Kunlun, Jincheng, Ge Pai, Sheng Pai, Tai Pingyang, Baofeng Shuntong, Yudaoyu, Tongbao, Changjiang, Wuxi Changcheng, Jiangsu Tai Xiang, Wenzhou Wangwen, Jiangsu Dayu, Zhejiang Huatai, Jiangsu Yafei, Jiangxi Shengta, Shanghai Qifan, Lanzhou Zhongbang, Shanghai Youjiang, Qingdao Hongri, Tianjin Jinshan, Kunshan Changjiang, Wuxi Huzhong, Guangzhou Tianhong, Shanghai Shenghua, Jiaxing Duojiao, and more.

Section II: Areas for Recycled Cable Collection

Our company serves the following regions in Zhejiang Province (Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou, Jiaxing, Huzhou, Shaoxing, Jinhua, Quzhou, Zhoushan, Taizhou, Lishui, Tonglu, Chunan, Jiande, Fuyang, Lin'an, Xiangshan, Ninghai, Yuyao, Cixi, Fenghua, Ruian, Leqing, Jiasen, Haishan, Haining, Pinghu, Tongxiang, Zhuji, Shangyu, Shengzhou, Lanxi, Yiwu, Dongyang, Yongkang, Jiangshan, Wenling, Linhai) and Shanghai (Pudong New Area, Xuhui District, Changning District, Putuo District, Zhabei District, Hongkou District, Yangpu District, Huangpu District, Luwan District, Jing'an District, Baoshan District, Minhang District, Jiading District, Chongming County), as well as Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou, Yangzhou, Taizhou, Yancheng, Huai'an, Lianyungang, Nantong, Taicang, Kunshan, Yixing, Jiangyin, Qidong, Haimen, Zhangjiagang, Hefei, Wuhu, Bengbu, Fuyang, Huainan, Huaibei, Tongling, Wuhu, Anqing, Ma'anshan, Jiuhuashan, Huangshan, Xuancheng.

Local pick-up and recycling of various scrap cables and wires.

Section 3: Waste Cable Recycling Product Introduction

Definition 1: A wire composed of one or more insulated conductors and an outer insulating sheath, used for transmitting electricity or information from one place to another.

Definition 2: A cable resembling rope, typically composed of several strands or groups of wires (each group consisting of at least two wires), where the wires in each group are insulated from one another and often twisted around a central core. The entire cable is covered with a highly insulated sheath. The cable features internal conductivity and external insulation.

1. SYV: Solid Insulated Radio Frequency Coaxial Cable

2. SYWV(Y): Physical Foamed Polyethylene Insulated CATV System Cable, Video (Radio Frequency) Coaxial Cable (SYV, SYWV, SYFV) for Closed-Circuit Television Monitoring and Cable Television Engineering

SYWV(Y), SYKV coaxial cable structure for cable TV and broadband internet: single oxygen-free round copper wire + physical foam poly (insulation) + tin wire + aluminum + poly (polyester)

3. Signal control cables (RVV jacketed wire, RVVP shielded wire) are suitable for projects such as intercom systems, anti-theft alarms, fire protection, and automatic meter reading.

RVVP: Copper-core insulated shielded polyethylene sheath flexible cable, voltage 250V/300V, 2-24 cores

Application: Instruments, Meters, Intercom, Surveillance, Control Installations

4. RG: Physical Foam Insulated Cable for Data and Analog Signal Transmission in Coaxial Fiber Hybrid Networks (HFC)

5. KVVP: Shielded cable with braid over jacket, Applications: Signal transmission, control, and measurement for electrical appliances, instruments, and distribution equipment.

6. RVV (227 IEC 52/53): Poly-insulated flexible cable, Applications: Household appliances, small electric tools, instruments, and power lighting

7. AVVR: Soft Cable for Installation of Sheath Covers

8. SBVV: HYA Data Communication Cables (for Indoor and Outdoor Use) for connecting telecommunication and radio equipment, as well as for junction box wiring in telephone distribution networks.

9. RV, RVP: Poly-insulated cable

10. RVS, RVB: Suitable for cables used in household appliances, small electric tools, instruments, meters, and power lighting connections.

11. BV, BVR: Poly-insulated cable, Application: Suitable for fixed wiring of electrical instruments and equipment, as well as power and lighting installations.

12. RIB: Speaker Connection Wire (High-Fidelity Wire)

13. KVV: Insulated Control Cable, Applications: Electrical appliances, instruments, signal transmission, control, and measurement for distribution equipment

14. SFTP: Twisted Pair, for transmitting telephony, data, and information networks

15. UL2464: Computer Cable

16. VGA: Monitor Cable

17. SYV: Coaxial Cable, for transmitting radio frequency signals in wireless communication, broadcasting, monitoring system engineering, and related electronic equipment (including general-purpose coaxial cables)

18. SDFAVP, SDFAVVP, SYFPY: Coaxial Cable, Elevator-Specific

19. JVPV, JVPVP, JVVP: Copper-core insulated and sheathed copper wire, woven electronic computer control cable

Section 4: Waste Cable Recycling Product Classification

Cables include power cables, control cables, compensating cables, shielded cables, high-temperature cables, computer cables, signal cables, coaxial cables, fire-resistant cables, marine cables, mining cables, aluminum alloy cables, and more. They are composed of single or multi-strand conductors and insulation, used for connecting circuits and electrical appliances.

Flame-retardant rubber sheathed cables

I. Application

This product is a series of mining rubber sheathed flexible cables. Suitable for power connections for coal mining machines and similar equipment with rated voltage Uo/U of 1.9/3.3KV and below. Commonly used in coal mines.

II. Terms of Use

The core is designed for continuous operation at a temperature of 65°C, with the minimum bend radius being 6 times the cable diameter. Yellow sheathed cables should not be exposed to sunlight for extended periods.

Nuclear-grade cable

Application Scope

·This product is suitable for control and signal cables used in the control network of nuclear power plants with rated voltage Uo/U of 0.6/1kV.

·The conductor of the cable allows a long-term operating temperature of 90°C, with the temperature of the cable conductor not exceeding 250°C during a short circuit, and the duration not exceeding 5 seconds.

The environmental temperature during cable laying should not be below 0°C.

Cable laying allows for a bending radius of:

— Unarmored cables should not be less than 6 times the diameter of the cable

Cables with armored or copper tape shielding should be not less than 12 times the diameter of the cable.

— The flexible cable with a shielding structure should not be less than 6 times the diameter of the cable.

· The certified life of the cable is not less than 40 years when the conductor is allowed to operate at a long-term working temperature not exceeding 90°C.

·Finished cables should meet the requirements of Type A bundle combustion test as specified in GB/T18380.3 standard.

·Finished cable smoke density: Light transmittance not less than 70%.

Radiation Resistance: 25×10^4 Gy

· Halogen-free: Non-metallic materials should have a gas acidity (expressed as pH value) greater than 4.3 when burned; the electrical conductivity should not exceed 10μS/mm.

裸电线 and bare conductor products

Key features of this category of products include pure conductor metals without insulation or sheath layers, such as steel-core aluminum stranded wire, copper-aluminum busbars, electric locomotive wires, etc.; the main processing technology is pressure processing, such as melting, rolling, drawing, twisting/compacted twisting, etc.; the products are mainly used in urban and suburban areas, rural areas, user main lines, switch cabinets, and so on.

Electrical Cable

The product is primarily used for the transmission of high-voltage electrical energy in power distribution, transmission, and supply lines, with large currents passing through (ranging from dozens to thousands of amperes) and high voltages (up to 500kV and above).

Communication cables and optical fibers

Over the past two decades, the rapid development of the telecommunications industry has also led to astonishing growth in product development. Products have evolved from simple telephone and telegraph cables to thousands of pairs of cables, including coaxial cables, optical fibers, data cables, and even composite communication cables. These products typically have smaller and uniform structures with high manufacturing precision requirements.

Electromagnetic Wire (Winding Wire)

Primarily used for various motors, instruments, and meters.

Flexible Fire Resistant Cable

1. Excellent fire-resistant properties; the耐火等级not only meets the international GB12666.6A category's 950℃ for 90min requirement, but also complies with the British BS6387-1994 specifications for A grade (650℃ for 3 hours), B grade (750℃ for 3 hours), and C grade (950℃ for 3 hours). Additionally, it can withstand water spray and mechanical impact during combustion.

2. Continuous length is long, whether it's single-core or multi-core cables; their lengths can meet the power supply requirements, with an ultimate length of up to 2000 meters.

3. The cross-sectional area for single-core cables can reach up to 1000mm², while multi-core cables can reach up to 240mm².

4. Flexible, cables can be coiled on a cable drum, with a bending radius of ≥20D, where D is the outer diameter of the cable.

5. Smoke and toxic-free during combustion, the insulation uses inorganic materials as "non-combustible" substances, ensuring no harmful gases are produced during combustion and no secondary pollution occurs, making it an environmentally friendly and green product.

6. The cross-sectional capacity is excessive; the cable not only has a large cross-sectional flow but also boasts a significant overload capacity. Typically, according to wiring requirements, the cable surface temperature should not exceed 70℃. If the wiring is not touchable and does not come into contact with flammable building materials, the cable jacket temperature can reach 105℃. During overload, the working temperature of the fire-resistant cable allowed is up to 250℃.

7. Corrosion-resistant, organic insulated fire-resistant cables may require sheathing with plastic or iron pipes. Plastic tends to age and become brittle, while iron pipes are prone to rust. Fire-resistant cables with copper sheathing do not need to be sheathed, as the copper sheath has excellent corrosion resistance.

8. Non-interfering with electromagnetic signals, fire-resistant cables can be laid in the same vertical shaft as signal and control cables. Under the shielding of the copper sheath, the fire-resistant cables will not interfere with the transmission of information for signal and control cables.

9. Excellent safety features; fire-resistant cables not only provide normal power supply in flames and activate fire extinguishing equipment to minimize fire damage, but also offer exceptional reliability for personal safety. The copper sheath is an excellent conductor, serving as the grounding wire and extending continuously throughout the entire cable length, significantly enhancing the sensitivity and reliability of grounding protection.

10. Long lifespan, inorganic insulating material, high-temperature resistance, and low aging tendency; its lifespan is many times longer than that of organic insulated cables. Under normal operating conditions, its lifespan can be equal to that of the building.

11. The transportation and installation of flexible fire-resistant cables include installation.

New Product

Derivative/new products of wires and cables are mainly produced due to varying application scenarios and requirements, as well as the demands for convenience in equipment and cost reduction, by utilizing new materials, special materials, altering product structures, enhancing technological requirements, or combining different product varieties.

Materials used include: flame-retardant cables, low-smoke halogen-free/low-smoke low-halogen cables, termite-proof, rat-proof cables, oil-resistant/cold-resistant/temperature-resistant cables, etc.

Revamp product structure, such as: refractory cables.

Enhance process requirements such as medical cables.

Composite products such as OPGW

Easy to install and cost-effective solutions like prefabricated branch cables.

Five,型号 of recycled cable recycling products

The composition and sequence of the model for electrical wires and cables are as follows: [1: Category, Use][2: Conductor][3: Insulation][4: Inner Sheath][5: Structural Features][6: Outer Sheath or Derivative]-[7: Usage Characteristics]

1-5 items and item 7 are represented by pinyin letters, high polymer materials are represented by the initial letters of their English names, each item can be 1-2 letters; item 6 is 1-3 digits.

Common Codes

Usage Code - Not marked as power cable, K-(control cable), P-(signal cable).

Conductor Material Code - Not marked as copper (can also be marked as CU), L-(aluminum)

Inner sheath code - Q-(lead sheath), L-(aluminum sheath), H-(rubber sheath), V-(poly sheath); the inner jacket is usually not marked.

Outer Sheath Code - V-(Polyester), Y-(Power Cable)

Derivative Code - D-(Non-drip), P-(Dry Insulation)

Special Product Codes - TH-(Moist Tropical), TA-(Dry Tropical), ZR-(Flame Retardant), NH-(Fireproof), WDZ-(Low Smoke Zero Halogen, Corporate Standard).

Omitting Principle

Model abbreviation principle: In wire and cable products, copper is the main conductor material, so the copper core code "T" is abbreviated, except for bare wires and bare conductor products. For products of bare wires and bare conductors, power cables, and electromagnetic wire types, the general category code is not indicated. For wire and cable types used in electrical equipment and communication cables, the category or series code is listed instead.

Item 7 includes symbols for various special usage occasions or additional special usage requirements, marked in pinyin letters following the hyphen. Sometimes to emphasize this item, it is written at the beginning. Examples include ZR-(flame-retardant), NH-(fire-resistant), WDZ-(low smoke and halogen-free, enterprise standard), TH-(for humid and hot areas), FY-(termite-proof, enterprise standard), etc.

Section 6: Applications of Waste Cable Recycling Products

Power System

The electrical system utilizes various wire and cable products, including overhead bare conductors, busbars (mater conductors), power cables (plastic insulated cables, oil-paper insulated cables - mostly replaced by plastic power cables), rubber-sheathed cables, overhead insulated cables, branch cables (replacing some busbars), electromagnetic wires, and electrical equipment cables for power equipment.

Information Transmission

Cables and wires used for information transmission systems primarily include local telephone cables, television cables, electronic cables, radio frequency cables, fiber optic cables, data cables, electromagnetic wires, power communication cables, or other composite cables.

Instrumentation System

Almost all products in this section, except for overhead bare wires, find applications, but they are mainly used for power cables, magnetic wires, data cables, and instrument cable wires, etc.

Section 7: Common Faults in Recycled Cable Products

Common issues with cable lines include mechanical damage, insulation damage, moisture in insulation, insulation aging and degradation, overvoltage, and overheating faults. When such issues occur, the power supply to the faulty cable should be disconnected, locate the fault point, inspect and analyze it, then proceed with repairs and testing. Remove what is necessary, and only after the fault is resolved can power be restored.

The most direct cause of cable failure is the reduction of insulation, leading to breakdown.

Primarily includes:

a. Overload operation. Prolonged overload operation will cause the cable temperature to rise, the insulation to age, and eventually lead to insulation breakdown, reducing the construction quality.

b. Electrical issues include: cable head construction not meeting requirements, poor cable head sealing, moisture intrusion into the cable interior, and reduced cable insulation performance; failure to implement protective measures during cable laying, resulting in damage to the protective layer and decreased insulation.

c. Civil engineering issues include: inadequate drainage in manholes and trenching, leading to long-term water immersion and damage to insulation strength of cables; manholes being too small, resulting in insufficient cable bend radius and long-term external force damage due to compression; mainly due to rough and aggressive construction methods during municipal construction, which can cause cuts and breaks in cables.

d. Corrosion: Long-term chemical or cable corrosion can lead to the failure of the protective layer and a decrease in insulation.

e. Poor quality of the cable itself or cable head accessories, poor cable head sealing, dissolved insulation glue, cracking, leading to resonance phenomena at the station as a result of a line break fault, causing the inter-phase capacitance and ground capacitance of the line to form a resonance circuit with the excitation inductance of the distribution transformer, thereby triggering ferromagnetic resonance.

Hazard caused by open-circuit failure leading to resonance