After cold drawing, seamless steel tubes experience crystalline flattening, elongation, lattice distortion, and crystalline fracturing, which reduces the plastic deformation of the metal composite material, enhancing its tensile strength and hardness. This phenomenon is known as cold working hardening. Cold working hardening holds significant practical importance as it is one of the methods to increase the tensile strength of metal composite materials. It is particularly crucial for pure metal composites and those that cannot be strengthened by heat treatment methods. For instance, tank tracks and ore crusher jaw plates, which typically possess high wear resistance, and cold drawn stainless steel sheets that offer high wear resistance after production, are all outcomes of cold working hardening.

Seamless steel tubes have high compressive and tensile strength, low plastic deformation and malleability, and exhibit a certain hardenability tendency. Welding them on large carbon steel plates with rapid cooling speeds falls under hot-rolled steel and quenched steel categories. These tubes are prone to cold cracks. During welding with large-scale manufacturing process parameters, excessive linear mechanical energy can lead to thermal cracks, blowholes, or thermal stress cracks in the heat-affected zone. Research has been conducted on the arc welding performance indicators and welding process characteristics of these materials, focusing on seamless steel tubes of various sizes and I-beams.