The bag-making process typically includes several main functions, such as material feeding, sealing, cutting, and bagging.
In the feeding section, the flexible packaging film fed by a roller feed system is unwound through a feed roller. The feed roller is used to move the film within the machine to perform necessary operations. Feeding is typically intermittent, with operations such as sealing and cutting taking place during the stoppage of feeding. The dancing roller is used to maintain a constant tension on the film roll. Both the feed machine and the dancing roller are essential to maintain tension and critical feeding accuracy.

In the sealing section, the temperature-controlled sealing elements are moved to contact the film for a specified duration to achieve proper sealing of the material. The sealing temperature and duration vary depending on the material type and must be maintained constant at different machine speeds. The configuration of the sealing elements and the machine format related to them depend on the sealing type specified by the bag design. Under most machine operating modes, the sealing process is accompanied by the cutting process, and both operations are performed upon completion of the feeding.
During the cutting and bagging operations, processes such as sealing are typically performed during the machine's non-feeding cycle. Similar to the sealing process, the cutting and bagging operations also determine the best machine type. In addition to these basic functions, the execution of additional operations like zippers, hole-punched bags, tote bags, tamper-evident seals, bag spouts, and crown sealing may depend on the design of the packaging bags. Attachments connected to the base machine are responsible for performing these additional operations.