Introduction to the Well-Type Carbonitriding Furnace The well-type carbonitriding furnace [1] is a device used for the surface nitriding treatment of cast iron and cast steel parts.

The well-type carburizing furnace operates by heating cast iron parts inside an electrically heated well furnace to temperatures above 800°C, followed by the introduction of ammonia or urea gas for chemical heat treatment.

Due to the effects of high temperatures and chemical mediums, the graphite in iron decomposes into graphite particles, which then adhere to the surface of the workpiece, forming a dense oxide film. Simultaneously, the high temperatures accelerate the diffusion rate of the surface metal of the workpiece, allowing impurities in the iron to be adsorbed onto the workpiece for purification. Additionally, water mist is sprayed onto the surface of the workpiece to cool it and accelerate the chemical reaction process.