Many vegetable farmers may cause fertilizer damage by over-fertilizing in greenhouse vegetable plots. Solutions: 1) For greenhouses that have been in use for over 3 years, control chicken and cow manure at 2,500 kg each, and reduce chemical fertilizers by about 50%. 2) In areas with high salt concentration, focus on applying cow manure, humic acid fertilizer, and EM bacteria fertilizer to enhance soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, loosen soil for better aeration, and reduce salt and fertilizer damage. 3) Supplement boron, zinc, and magnesium fertilizers to balance soil nutrition, creating conditions for sustained high yields while reducing input costs.

Myth Two: More seedlings equal higher yields.

Many vegetable farmers tend to over-plant during seedling retention, believing that more seedlings lead to higher yields. However, due to the low winter temperatures and weak sunlight, photosynthesis is poor and carbohydrate synthesis is limited, thus only an appropriate density can ensure high yields. Solutions: First, for winter crops, it's better to plant sparsely. Second, to maximize space utilization, adopt a management approach of dense planting initially, thinning out plants in the middle, and thinning branches at the end, ensuring that leaves and branches are not crowded to enhance overall yield and profitability.

Myth Three: High temperature equals fast growth.

Vegetables have an upper temperature limit, typically ranging from 25 to 32 degrees Celsius. High temperatures lead to increased respiration, disrupted physiological activities, excessive growth, and an imbalance in nutritional and reproductive growth, which can actually reduce yields. Solutions include: 1) Setting up two ventilation openings in greenhouse structures to cool down promptly. 2) Managing the temperature according to the specific growth stage requirements of various vegetables and the optimal temperatures for each organ's growth stage to prevent excessive vine growth without fruit.

Myth Four: Vines are vigorous and growing well.

Many people think that vigorous vines are good crops, but in reality, excessive water and lush leaves lead to shallow roots, incomplete nutrition, and low yields. Excessive growth necessarily affects reproductive growth, resulting in decreased yields. Solutions: First, during the seedling stage, control the growth of weak vines and promote root development, ensuring that the underground part absorbs about 60% of the photosynthetic products, with equal absorption rates of 50% for both above and below ground in the middle and late stages. Second, in the early stage, the vine consumes 60% of the nutrients, with reproductive growth accounting for 40%; in the middle stage, both are equally distributed; in the late stage, reproductive growth takes up 60% to 70%, while vegetative growth is only 30% to 40%. This ensures that there is a certain amount of assimilatory leaf area in the early stage, controls vine growth to promote fruiting in the later stage, and increases yields.

Myth Five: More pesticide application equals fewer diseases.

Many vegetable farmers, during the middle and later stages of vegetable growth, apply pesticides every 2-3 days, believing that frequent application prevents the spread of diseases. Solutions: Firstly, identify the diseases and apply the appropriate spray, opting for copper and zinc-based agents to enhance the plant's resistance to pathogen invasion and promote growth. Secondly, alter the environment by promoting lush foliage and improving ventilation, as daily spraying may not yield better results; thinning leaves and lowering temperatures should be considered. Thirdly, for dead seedlings caused by soil-borne pathogens, focus on preventive medication during the seedling stage. Neglecting the source of infection, getting infected during the seedling stage, and experiencing outbreaks later, when the pathogens have already invaded the plant, even frequent spraying will not be effective.

Myth Six: More orders mean more income.

Many believe that investing in building greenhouses to prevent land from being idle often leads to subpar results, as intercropping and successive planting can be inefficient and yield low benefits. Solutions include: 1) Opt for a single large crop over winter, planting once a year, and for spring and autumn crops, it's best to plant twice a year. Old plants of eggplants, peppers, tomatoes, and cucumbers can produce one more crop, and it's advisable to uproot and dry the seedlings when prices are low. 2) Each year, allocate some time in summer for deep plowing, soaking with rain, salinization, and sunbathing, as well as steaming the greenhouse to eliminate pests and condition the soil.