Intelligent buildings typically feature the following conditions: an automated building system that creates a warm and natural living environment, a structured cabling system for data transmission within the building or between entire communities, integrated voice and multimedia communication to meet the work requirements of the modern information society, and an intelligent power monitoring and control platform for the integration and management of communication systems, power monitoring systems, and high-voltage and low-voltage power distribution equipment within the building.
Structure Analysis of Electric Power Intelligent Monitoring System
In the current analysis, the structure of commonly used power monitoring systems generally includes the following five subsystems: specifically, as follows.
1.1 Field Subsystem Control
The basic components of the field control subsystem include PLCs, protection units, remote I/O units, sensors, protective devices, and actuating devices, among others. These devices enable the collection of various information within the power system, while also executing relevant control commands for online monitoring and real-time control of operating equipment. Sensors can promptly collect various signals on-site, such as digital, analog, and switch signals, and then transmit the processed information to the master control end via cables, optical fibers, or integrated communication networks. The protection units can reflect on faults or tripping phenomena in the power lines, and the PLC is the key element in issuing controllable operations, allowing for remote and wireless control of field control objects.
1.2 Information Processing and Control Subsystem
In power monitoring systems, the information processing and control subsystem primarily collects various types of information through the master control end, including status information, data, and video signals transmitted by the communication transmission subsystem. Subsequently, these relevant data are analyzed by computers, processed, and then reflected in the human-machine interface subsystem, achieving status display such as issuing alarms or lighting up lights, thereby conveying the information to the relevant staff. To meet work requirements, additional functionalities can be...
Manual intervention for the operation and control.
1.3 Master Control Layer
The master control layer is located in the central control room or workshop, typically equipped with high-performance, reliable computers, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), printers, and alarm equipment. Power monitoring software is installed on the master control computer, allowing real-time monitoring of the entire power distribution system through its human-machine interface and various management functions.
1.4 Intermediate Layer
The intermediate layer is positioned between the field layer and the master control layer, primarily responsible for network communication connections, data exchange, and protocol conversion between field equipment and the master control computer. This enhances the system's real-time performance, compatibility, and scalability. Ethernet switches facilitate easy connection and data sharing with other systems, and for large-scale systems, data servers and gateway servers can be set up to connect with other systems.
1.5 Field Level
The primary task of the site-level system is to collect and measure operating parameters of various on-site power distribution systems, and transmit the collected and measured data to the monitoring system. The main equipment includes built-in energy meters, track-type energy meters, energy circuit breakers, and four remote devices. These devices or instruments are configured according to the requirements of the basic equipment and installed in on-site distribution panels or switch cabinets. All the aforementioned devices function independently, without relying on the operation of the main control computer, and are equipped with RS485 communication interfaces. Detected electrical parameters and status signals are transmitted in real-time to the intermediate layer through the on-site RS485 bus.
2 Key Features of the Smart Power Distribution Monitoring System
2.1 Enhance On-Site Work Efficiency
Employees can set up an intelligent power monitoring system to accurately judge and operate within a short H-f.q range. At the same time, on-site staff can "view" the state of electrical power flow in real-time, thus enabling them to accurately and promptly handle errors.
Stay away from the site and still retrieve error information through system configuration and wireless transmission templates. It can reflect the actual usage of the equipment in real-time, and also allows employees to prepare maintenance work reasonably.
2.2 Reduce Energy Costs
The smart power monitoring system can optimize energy costs. It can be used as a benchmark to customize simple power load plans between regions, for loads with semi-public power detection, power consumption tracking, and optimized management, and to claim compensation for losses caused by irregular power quality.
2.3 Optimizing Resources
The intelligent power monitoring system can accurately assess the reserve capacity of power grids or transformers, distribution boards, switchboards, and other equipment. This is because the data can accurately reflect the real-time usage of power resources, facilitating the allocation of power resources and decision-making by the owner.
Strategies to better promote the development and evolution of the power distribution system.
Application of Power Monitoring Systems in Smart Buildings
3.1 Power Monitoring System
These power monitoring systems primarily utilize network and computer technologies to monitor the operation of power systems and output device data to the monitoring center. The monitoring center can remotely control each device, allowing staff to have real-time insights into its operation. The main functions of the power monitoring system include real-time monitoring of system operations, power quality monitoring, remote control and operation recording, event alerts and logging, data collection, and historical data management, as well as printing various reports.
And power management.
3.2 Standard Power Monitoring Applications
Standard power supply monitoring primarily meets the following requirements: data collection and recording of each switch's operating status, voltage, current, power, energy, as well as common electrical parameters (such as alarms and remote control). The power system of a certain school consists of 8 10 kV substations, each equipped with two transformers. The structure utilizes two input lines and one busbar. Each substation includes approximately 80 feeding loops. The purpose is to scientifically manage the entire school's power supply system and ensure normal usage of the school's electricity.
The school has adopted a distribution monitoring system for education and scientific research, utilizing an existing power monitoring system tailored to the school's specific circumstances. The system is roughly divided into 8 sub-workstations and 1 monitoring center, with the main communication network using...
100MT CP/IP Fiber Ethernet, and for on-site monitoring, the on-site monitoring layer communicates using Modbus bus.
3.3 Power Quality Monitoring Application
The building houses four power distribution stations, located on the third underground level (Station 1 and 2), the 21st floor (Station 3), and the 53rd floor (Station 4). To ensure reliable power supply for the entire building and to achieve modernized management of the power system, an electric power monitoring system has been implemented. A monitoring host is set up at Station 1, while intelligent communication managers are installed at Stations 2, 3, and 4 to enable communication upload functions. The main communication network utilizes a 100m TCP/IP fiber optic Ethernet, and the field monitoring layer within the sub-stations employs Modbus bus communication. The system collects information from high-voltage cabinets, measuring instruments, DC screens, transformer temperature controllers, generators, and more. It achieves remote measurement, signaling, control, alarm functions, data statistics, and management analysis. By using programmable controllers, automatic load control is achieved, with PLC logic control for load shedding to ensure the normal operation of critical loads. The building features two independent 35kV incoming lines and 10kV busbars, with each section of the busbars equipped with 8 to 10 transformers. The transformers are of the 10kV/400V type, with each transformer powered by 30 to 100 feed line circuits.
The 35 kV incoming line is primarily equipped with a power line monitoring instrument. As this incoming line serves as the power source for the entire system, it plays a crucial role in the smooth operation of the system. Therefore, a device with high precision and functionality is chosen to monitor this circuit. This power line monitoring instrument has a very high sampling frequency and can monitor the impact of the power quality of the power supply on the entire system. In addition, it can also monitor the operating conditions on both sides of the 35kV busbar and some electrical faults within the system.
3.4 Data Collection and Management of Energy Loss Data
Throughout the operation of the electric power intelligent monitoring system, staff must count and analyze various circuits and meters, simultaneously forming a comprehensive database through the network system. Moreover, data software can be analyzed and discussed, enabling the collection and management of energy consumption levels across different units, enhancing the scientificity and accuracy of the data. This information will be reflected in the billing statements, allowing residents to pay their electricity bills based on the power consumption billing. This approach can cultivate people's energy-saving awareness to some extent and also aids in the implementation of various energy consumption audit measures.
3.5 Features of the 3.5 Smart Power Monitoring System
From the above application cases of the power monitoring system, it can be observed that the intelligent power monitoring system primarily features the following functions:
(1) The intelligent monitoring system can be designed to manage power for various smart buildings and communities. The power monitoring system significantly enhances power management efficiency and achieves energy-saving effects. It improves electrical efficiency.
(2) Besides the advanced technology level of the main hardware equipment and the reliability of the software, the power monitoring system is also quite mature in terms of communication connections.
(3) The intelligent power monitoring system utilizes communication protocols provided by the International Electrical Company, which ensures both efficient system communication and high reliability and security.
(4) The intelligent power monitoring system draws on extensive experience from both domestic and international applications in intelligent buildings. During system integration and software design, it employs mature and proven methods. The designed software is not only operationally safe and reliable but also offers advanced features.
Low operating costs.
(5) As a layered, distributed monitoring system, the Smart Power Monitoring System can integrate any monitoring point into the system according to the principle of proximity placement. The relevant software handles the data, simplifying on-site wiring and construction processes, thereby saving investment and enhancing work efficiency.
(6) The power monitoring system employs an intelligent control philosophy, featuring a high level of automation and reliability. It can automatically record data and ensure the system operates continuously, effectively, and stably. Furthermore, the intelligent power monitoring system, built as an independent system, can also be integrated with smart buildings for management purposes.
3.6 System Operation and Equipment Management
The Electric Power Intelligent Monitoring System can control various parameters of equipment operations and perform effective monitoring. During actual monitoring operations, staff should strengthen control over the energy-saving capabilities of the equipment. In the event of a fault or abnormal operation, timely alarms should be initiated. This ensures that relevant maintenance and repair personnel can arrive on-site in a timely manner to address the faulty equipment. In such situations, the intelligent power monitoring system can utilize monitoring data to...
Automated inspections are conducted on relevant information and actual power consumption phenomena. The operation of the intelligent power monitoring system is not only economically viable but also secure. Managers can leverage the advantages of the monitoring system to enhance equipment operational efficiency, providing a relatively scientific basis for electrical energy-saving efforts and optimizing the overall operational status.
Ankore Transformer Substation Operation and Maintenance Cloud Platform
4.1 Overview
The AcrelCloud-1000 Substation Operation and Maintenance Cloud Platform is a cloud-based management platform developed based on technologies such as the Internet+, big data, and mobile communications. It meets the needs of users or operation and maintenance companies to monitor the operating status and parameters of numerous substation circuits, indoor environmental temperature and humidity, cable and busbar operating temperatures, as well as on-site equipment or environmental video scenes. It achieves centralized storage and unified management of data, facilitating usage. It supports authorized users to access, receive alerts, and complete daily and regular equipment inspections and dispatching management through various terminals like computers, smartphones, and tablets.
4.2 Application Locations
New and expanded power distribution and maintenance systems for industries such as telecommunications, finance, transportation, energy, healthcare, culture and sports, education and scientific research, agriculture and water conservancy, commercial services, and public utilities.
