Abstract:During the transmission and transformation of electrical power systems, equipment such as busbars and busbars encounter numerous issues due to excessive load and current or surface problems. In response, a high-voltage power wireless positioning and temperature measurement system has been proposed. This system consists of temperature measurement terminals, signal processing modules, wireless signal transmitting modules, receiving modules, A/D conversion modules, microcontrollers, opto-display elements, and audio-display elements. The high-voltage power wireless positioning and temperature measurement terminals are primarily composed of one or more temperature-sensing elements, each corresponding to a temperature monitoring station. By binding the temperature monitoring signals to the respective stations, it is possible to detect abnormal temperature phenomena in real-time and display their locations, thereby enhancing the efficiency of maintenance work. Based on this, the article provides a detailed explanation and research of the design of the high-voltage power wireless positioning and temperature measurement system, hoping to offer reference for the same industry.
Keywords:High-voltage power; Wireless positioning and temperature measurement system; Single-chip microcomputer; Monitoring signals
Introduction
Currently, during the transmission of high-voltage electricity, when conductive busbars and busbars experience excessive current or oxidation on their surfaces, temperatures rise sharply. If left untreated for extended periods, this can lead to degradation of adjacent components, potentially causing breakdowns and resulting in power outages. According to data analysis provided by safety and production departments, over 90% of major accidents in our country's transmission and transformation sites are caused by overheating of electrical components. This not only causes significant economic losses to people's production and living standards but also poses a great threat to their safety and property. By monitoring the temperature changes of busbars, cable joints, and switch contacts in high-voltage transmission systems, we can effectively prevent excessive temperatures in high-voltage electrical components, providing crucial safety guarantees for production. In recent years, widely used methods for high-voltage power temperature measurement in our country include: thermometric wax strip method, infrared thermometer, fiber optic temperature measurement, and wireless temperature measurement systems. The thermometric wax strip method requires manual inspection when using an infrared thermometer to obtain real-time data. Although the fiber optic temperature measurement system can provide real-time data, it fails to isolate high and low voltage environments, does not comply with high-voltage electrical instrument specifications, and has drawbacks such as poor resistance to high temperatures and difficulty in wiring within cabinets. As a result, it has many flaws. Today, most wireless temperature measurement systems use wireless transmission, fundamentally solving the issues of connection and attachment between primary and secondary circuits, significantly enhancing the safety of high-voltage power use. This can be achieved through the construction of an Internet of Things system for real-time data transmission and remote monitoring to some extent. The multifaceted advantages of wireless temperature measurement systems have led to significant development in high-voltage power temperature measurement systems, which is the trend of the times. However, as the current wireless temperature measurement systems can only monitor temperature anomalies in real-time, they cannot simultaneously provide the specific locations of temperature anomalies, and cannot detect abnormal phenomena in a timely manner.
Structure Analysis of High-Voltage Power Wireless Positioning and Temperature Measurement System
Analysis of issues in high-voltage power temperature measurement methods has led to the design of a high-voltage power wireless positioning temperature measurement system. This system can detect abnormal temperature phenomena in real-time and display the locations of these anomalies, thereby enhancing maintenance efficiency. The high-voltage power wireless positioning temperature measurement system consists of temperature measurement terminals, signal modules, wireless signal transmission modules, reception modules, A/D conversion modules, microcontrollers, optical display elements, and audio display elements. The temperature measurement terminals, signal processing modules, and wireless signal transmission modules are electrically connected sequentially; the wireless signal transmission module communicates wirelessly with the reception module; its reception module is electrically connected to the A/D conversion module. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the A/D conversion module, optical display elements, and audio display elements. The temperature measurement terminal is composed of one or more temperature-sensing elements, which are temperature sensors. Each temperature-sensing element is installed at the corresponding temperature monitoring station to monitor temperatures; these stations include busbar connection points, high-voltage cable joints, and outlet positions. The signal processing module pre-stores the correlation between the temperature-sensing elements and the temperature monitoring stations, receives monitoring signals from each temperature-sensing element, and binds the temperature monitoring signals to the corresponding monitoring stations. The optical display element is a liquid crystal display element, a dual-color display element, used to differentiate temperature signals below or equal to the preset threshold from those above the threshold. The optical display element refers to the host computer and is connected to the microcontroller via a D/A conversion module.
Analysis of the Working Principle of the 2-High Voltage Power Wireless Location and Temperature Measurement System
During the operation of the high-voltage power wireless positioning and temperature measurement system, each temperature-sensing element in the temperature measurement terminal monitors the signal of every temperature monitoring station and sends it to the signal processing module. The signal processing module detects temperature signals from each sensing element and transmits the corresponding monitoring station signals via wireless signals, which are then emitted. The module receiving the wireless signals retransmits the signal to the module, and the A/D conversion module converts the received wireless signal and data into digital signals, which are then sent to the microcontroller. The microcontroller processes the digital signals, identifies temperature signals, and uses light and sound display elements to indicate the corresponding temperature monitoring stations. The microcontroller compares each temperature signal with a preset threshold; if any temperature signal exceeds the threshold, it controls the sound display element. Additionally, with both light and sound display elements equipped and temperature monitoring signals bound to corresponding stations, the system can issue an audio warning through the sound display element upon detecting an abnormal temperature, drawing staff attention and preventing errors during operations. Staff can then directly understand the extent and location of the temperature anomaly through the light display element, allowing for immediate detection of the problematic station, saving time in locating anomalies. This not only enhances maintenance efficiency but also ensures the normal transmission of the power system, thereby reducing user losses.
Ankore's 3-Axis Wireless Temperature Measurement System
3.1 System Architecture
The Acrel-2000T Wireless Temperature Monitoring System communicates directly with equipment at the bay level via RS 485 bus or Ethernet. The system design adheres to international standards such as Modbus-RTU, Modbus-TCP, significantly enhancing its security, reliability, and openness. It features remote signaling, measurement, control, tuning, setting, event alarms, graphs, bar charts, reports, and user management functions. The system can monitor the operational status of wireless temperature measurement equipment, achieve rapid alarm response, and prevent severe faults from occurring.
Temperature Online Monitoring System Diagram
3.2 System Features
The Acrel-2000T temperature monitoring system is installed in the duty monitoring room, enabling remote monitoring of the operating temperatures of all switchgear within the system. The system features the following main functions:
Temperature Display: Shows the real-time values of each temperature sensing point within the power distribution system, and allows for remote data viewing via computer WEB or mobile APP.
Temperature Trend Curves: View the temperature trend curves for each temperature sensing point.
Operation Report: Query and print temperature data at specified time for each temperature measuring point.
Real-Time Alerts: The system can issue alerts for abnormal temperatures at various temperature sensing points. It features real-time voice alarm capabilities, capable of voicing alerts for all events. The alert methods include pop-ups, voice alarms, and can also push alert messages via SMS or APP, promptly reminding on-duty personnel.
Historical Event Inquiry: Stores and manages records of events such as temperature limits, facilitating users in tracing historical system events and alarms, as well as conducting inquiries, statistics, and accident analysis.
3.3 System Hardware Configuration
The online temperature monitoring system is primarily composed of temperature sensors and temperature collection/display units at the equipment layer, edge computing gateways at the communication layer, and the temperature measurement system host at the station control layer, achieving real-time temperature monitoring of critical electrical components in the power distribution and transformation system.
4 Closing Remarks
In summary, the article presents a design for a high-voltage power wireless positioning and temperature measurement system. The structure is relatively simple, scientifically and reasonably designed, and boasts high efficiency. By analyzing real-time online detection and data, not only can accidents be prevented and preemptively mitigated, but the system also locates faults for maintenance, enhancing efficiency and significantly reducing maintenance costs, thereby improving the stability of high-voltage power transmission operations.
Reference
Yuan Wei, Design and Research of a High-Voltage Power Wireless Positioning and Temperature Measurement System
Liu Qiang. Wireless Temperature Monitoring of Power Grid Equipment [D]. Suzhou: Soochow University, 2005.
Ankorri Enterprise Microgrid Design and Application Manual, 2020.06 Edition.
[4] Ankorui User Substation Power Distribution and Transformer Monitoring Solution, October 2021
