In recent years, frequent urban flooding disasters in our country have caused severe personnel and economic losses, posing a significant threat to city safety. Data shows that from 2015 to 2018, the number of cities experiencing flooding or internal waterlogging accounted for about one-fifth of the total number of cities in our country each year; lives and property have been severely affected. According to statistics, up to the first half of 2021, 26 people have died or gone missing due to flood disasters in our country, with economic losses reaching 13.5 billion yuan. On one hand, we need to actively construct and manage drainage facilities; on the other hand, we should establish urban flood prevention and drainage monitoring and early warning systems. These systems not only provide real-time information on water levels in urban rivers and roads for management authorities but also offer technical and data support for urban flood prevention management. The pump station remote monitoring system, based on technologies such as the Internet of Things and edge computing, combines local self-control with a big data remote monitoring platform to provide solutions for urban flood disaster monitoring, internal waterlogging early warning, and treatment.
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City Pump Station Classification
City pump stations can be divided into three main categories based on application scenarios: drainage pump stations, sewage pump stations, and water supply pump stations. Drainage pump stations are primarily used for drainage and flood control; sewage pump stations are designed for the conveyance of domestic wastewater; and water supply pump stations are mainly for urban residential water supply. These three types of pump stations are crucial for the operation of the city, and ensuring their efficient, safe, and low-energy consumption operation is a top priority for managers. The pump station management platform provides a solution by integrating on-site monitoring and control sensors, edge computing, cloud platforms, and local PLCs for the management of urban pump stations.
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Electrical Design for Urban Sewage Pumping Stations
According to the DJG 08-22-2018 "Urban Drainage Pump Station Design Standards," drainage pump stations are typically powered by 35kV or 10kV based on power requirements and local power supply conditions. Urban drainage pump stations operate at a two-level load, with pump stations in key areas designed for a one-level load. Two-level load stations generally require dual power sources for backup, or one primary and one standby; one-level load stations need two independent power sources, with the secondary source providing uninterrupted power in the event of a primary source failure. In special cases, a self-generated power source is also required. Taking a drainage pump station as an example, it is equipped with three 10kV high-voltage asynchronous motors and two 0.4kV asynchronous motors. Normally, the two 0.4kV motors are sufficient for drainage needs, but during the flood season, up to five motors can operate simultaneously, as shown in Figure 1.
The 10kV busbars utilize single busbar with segmented wiring, while the 0.4kV busbars use either single busbar or single busbar with segmented wiring. To minimize the impact on the system during motor startup, soft starters are employed for motors with higher power ratings. The 10kV motors are equipped with on-site reactive power compensation mechanisms, ensuring a power factor of around 0.95 after compensation; the 0.4kV motors utilize centralized reactive power compensation, with a power factor of not less than 0.9 after compensation.
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Pump Station's Second Electrical Automation Design
3.1 The automatic control, measurement, protection, monitoring, and communication of pump station electrical equipment. This includes: high-voltage transmission and transformation systems of pump stations; 0.4kV distribution systems of pump stations; direct current systems of pump stations; comprehensive protection systems for motors. The configuration of the protection and measurement devices for the pump station is shown in Figure 2. All devices are equipped with communication interfaces, allowing them to be connected to local monitoring systems or regional pump station management platforms via smart gateways. The smart gateways have edge computing and logic control functions, enabling automatic control based on the actual operating conditions on-site.
3.2 Automatic control, measurement, monitoring, and communication for pump stations and key auxiliary systems. This includes: control of oil systems for the main equipment (e.g., pump impeller pressure oil system, rapid gate hydraulic (oil) operating system, oil system, gear box cooling oil system, etc.); control of gas systems for the main equipment (low-pressure gas system for vacuum breaker valves [suction pump stations], pressure oil for pump impeller regulation and medium-pressure energy storage gas systems for other pneumatic tools); water systems for the pump station (cooling water systems, pump station drainage systems, and fire-fighting water systems for the main equipment group).
3.3 Various automatic measurements, surveillance, and communication in non-electrical aspects. This includes: monitoring of displacement, settlement, uplift pressure, and stress in hydraulic safety; hydrological, water level, water conditions, water volume, and water quality monitoring; various temperature and humidity monitoring; insulation monitoring; and monitoring of gate openings and loads.
These signals are output in both analog and digital forms, with the collected signals being 4-20mA analog and digital signals. These signals are primarily collected by PLC devices for corresponding alarms and controls, and the data can be uploaded to the pumping station management platform.
To enhance reliability, signal isolation devices must be added to 4-20mA or 0-5V analog signals to achieve voltage and current limiting, as well as isolation measures, thereby increasing the system's ability to withstand interference.
3.4 The pump station should be equipped with normal working lighting and emergency lighting, meeting the illumination requirements of each location, with the emergency lighting power supply duration not less than 30 minutes.
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Workplace |
Job Site Name |
Regulated Illuminance Surface |
Work Lighting (lx) |
Emergency Lighting (lx) |
|
Pump Room, Grating Room |
Equipment Deployment and Maintenance Region |
0.8 meters above ground level |
150 |
10 |
|
High and Low Voltage Distribution Room |
Equipment Layout and Maintenance Region |
0.8 meters above ground level |
200 |
15 |
|
Control Room |
Equipment Layout and Maintenance Areas |
0.8 meters above ground level |
300 |
30 |
|
Transformer Room |
Equipment Layout and Maintenance Areas |
0.8 meters above ground level |
100 |
15 |
|
Stairs |
|
Above ground level at 0.8 meters horizontally |
50 |
5.0 |
|
Channel |
|
Above ground level at 0.8 meters horizontally |
50 |
1.0 |
Table 3: Pump Station Lighting System Requirements
Ankorri provides fire emergency lighting and evacuation guidance systems, as well as intelligent lighting control solutions for pump stations. Normal working lighting can be controlled by induction, timing, or remote control methods, meeting the lighting requirements of pump stations. The emergency lighting and evacuation guidance system offers at least 90 minutes of emergency lighting, powered by a centralized power supply to ensure fire safety. Both fire emergency lighting and working lighting controls can be connected to the pump station management platform for centralized monitoring and control.
3.5 Full-site video surveillance system and video information upload.
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Pump Station Management System
The Pump Station Management Platform is composed of local protective measurement and control devices, measurement and collection instruments, PLC automatic control devices, video surveillance, local control systems, and regional pump station management platforms. The platform enables data collection, operation monitoring, control adjustment, energy consumption analysis, accident early warning and alarm, event recording, and maintenance management for pump stations within the area. This facilitates unattended operation and centralized maintenance management of pump stations, enhancing their operational reliability.
Figure 4: Pump Station Management Platform Network Structure Diagram
4.1 Pump Station Management System (On-Site Deployment)
The Acrel-2000M pump station management system is deployed inside the pump station, providing comprehensive monitoring, control, and operational recording. It can promptly issue alarm signals during anomalies, ensuring the safety of the pump station's operation.
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Pump Gate Panorama
The pump sluice panoramic view assists users in comprehensively monitoring the full operation status of the pump sluice, including the water levels of the inner and outer rivers, the opening degrees of the regulating gates in the east-west direction, the opening degrees of the side gates, the operational status of the water pumps, and the current.
Inspect the distribution and connection status of the pump station's power distribution circuit, as well as the main electrical parameters. Key data includes: three-phase current, three-phase voltage, power, electrical energy, power factor, and circuit name.
Regulating Gate Monitoring
Monitor the operation status of regulating gates, such as gate opening and locking/unlocking states, while also tracking the trends of both internal and external river water levels and the operation of oil pumps. Additionally, this functional module allows for remote control of regulating gates and oil pumps, and offers the option to switch between remote and on-site control.
Pump Operation Monitoring
Monitor the operating status of pump systems, such as running, stopped, or protection device failure, and enable remote control of the pumps and interlocked control of drainage and water intake. Prior to implementing the remote control function, select the remote location for the pump and working gate PLC control cabinet. During interlocked drainage and water intake, the system will issue commands to open the water intake gate until it is fully open.
Gate Monitoring
Monitor the operational status of work doors and oil pumps, such as running or stopped states, and remotely control these components through this functional module.
Trend Curve Analysis
The system can monitor motor load curves, water level curves inside and out, etc., to assist users in analyzing and recording operational trends.
Additionally, the system features abnormal alarm and report generation capabilities, enabling managers to promptly understand the power plant's operational status.
4.2 Regional Pump Station Management Platform
The AcrelEMS Pump Station Management Platform is set up on cloud servers or regional command centers, enabling unified monitoring of different types of pump stations within the region, thereby enhancing management efficiency. The platform features pump station location display, 3D visualization, power monitoring, data queries, control adjustments, energy consumption analysis, video surveillance, alarm management, equipment management, and maintenance operations. Data can be transmitted via a 4G dedicated wireless network or over the internet.
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Pump Station Location Tag
Map markers indicate pump station locations; clicking on the map icon allows direct access to the pump station monitoring interface.
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3D Presentation of Pump Station Technology
Real-time display of pump station operation status through 2.5D or 3D interfaces, including electrical data, pipeline network, water level, and gate status.
Power Monitoring
Real-time monitoring of pump station power distribution system operations, including electrical parameters and over-limit/abnormal alarm alerts.
Pump Station Non-Electricity Monitoring
The platform can display critical junction temperatures for pump stations, transformers, motors, cables, and more. Additionally, it can monitor various parameters such as pump station motor vibration, environmental temperature and humidity, water level, gate status, video surveillance, access control, and can be set up for limit exceedance alarms.
Energy Consumption Analysis
Analyze data on energy consumption and carbon emissions from various pump stations, benchmark against water pump efficiency standards, and provide data support for managers to upgrade and transform equipment efficiency.
Alarm Analysis
The platform can categorize alarms from pump stations within the region into three levels: normal, severe, and accident, and it analyzes all accidents to assist managers in better understanding the operational status of the pump stations and prevent missing important alarm notifications.
Equipment Inventory and Maintenance Management
The platform establishes an equipment archive for pump station equipment, recording manufacturer information, performance parameters, and maintenance details. It also generates equipment QR codes, supporting operational and maintenance processes such as routine inspections, defect recording, work order management, and emergency repairs, thereby assisting users in more efficiently managing pump station operations.
Furthermore, the platform can integrate with lighting control systems, emergency lighting, and evacuation signage data from various pump stations, allowing for unified monitoring and management through the platform, thereby enhancing the operational safety and management efficiency of the pump stations.
