Summary: Pre-miscalculations and alarms for electrical fire accidents are conducted, with timely assistance provided in case of issues. The intelligent power monitoring system has been integrated into the electrical system, combining the advantages of the Internet of Things, cloud carriers, and big data technology. It effectively monitors issues like leakage. When problems arise, information is promptly transmitted to the system, which then initiates its operation, relaying the real-time information to the respective mobile device terminals. Subsequently, the basic information is reviewed through the electrical fire monitoring system, ultimately identifying the optimal solution.
Keywords: Smart Fire Protection; Electrical Fire; Monitoring System
Introduction
Electrical fire systems hold significant importance in social development and are bound to achieve even better results in future improvements. This article timely explores how electrical fire monitoring systems are aiding in the construction of smart fire prevention.
Exploring Smart Power Monitoring Systems
Cause of the Electrical Fire Incident
For conductors in electrical circuits, a large current corresponds to a short circuit. If the operator fails to disconnect the power source in time, it can significantly trigger a fire.
2. When a short circuit occurs due to an electrical arc in the circuit, the working arc is affected by electrical resistance, resulting in a lower circuit current. Consequently, the power source is not cut off in time, leading to sustained high temperatures that cause objects to ignite and potentially ignite a fire.
3. Overcurrent load situations, where the wire current load is small but the practical application current is high, can easily lead to line short circuits, contact issues, and leakage, which in turn can cause fires.
When there is poor contact at the line connection, excessive resistance is generated, which can lead to high temperatures. In this situation, as the temperature rises to its maximum limit, it meets the predetermined conditions for a fire to ignite. Thus, encountering flammable materials can result in a significant fire.
5. Leaking currents in systems can easily trigger fires under leakage current conditions. As leakage currents must pass through connecting materials to ground the electricity, they often experience increased resistance during this process, leading to heat generation. When heat is produced, it typically ignites nearby combustible materials, potentially causing spontaneous combustion. If the surrounding insulators have not aged or lost their performance over time, the fire can be avoided. However, there is another issue when grounding the current: if current leaks from the inside to the outside during the grounding process, the likelihood of high temperatures, fire outbreaks, and injuries increases significantly.
6. Specific harmonic currents, referring to the mutual interference effects between currents, can lead to overload and overheating when there is mutual consumption. In severe cases, it may trigger fires.
(II) Timely Analysis of Smart Power Consumption Monitoring System
Generally, when electrical temperatures, parameter currents, leakage, and harmonics are abnormal, the risk of electrical fires is present. Based on such conditions, it is often possible to actively utilize electrical parameters and other equipment to organically construct a safe and intelligent power system, which can effectively ensure the safety and reliability of actual power usage.
Smart Electricity Terminal Equipment
The intelligent electricity monitoring system specifically utilizes electrical parameter monitoring technology to organically monitor the three-phase current values, temperatures, and residual current values within electrical circuits. This method leverages real-time current monitoring to effectively obtain the status parameters of electrical lines in real-time. Should any issues arise during the practical process, an immediate alarm is triggered.
The actual smart electricity system program typically consists of four main components: first, current transformers for real-time collection of current values in three-phase currents; second, transformers for collecting residual currents within predetermined current values; third, temperature sensors for real-time collection of both electrical and environmental temperatures; fourth, converters that organically transform analog electrical currents into digital currents and provide real-time output; and fifth, a crucial element of smart electricity, often used to control the entire system. This includes tasks such as processing complex data, transmitting corresponding currents, and sampling predetermined current data. It acts as the CPU of the system, significantly contributing to its overall value and utility.
2. Based on big data analysis reports
In light of the current status of comprehensive electrical system usage and big data analysis, there is an urgent need to foster a proactive attitude towards identifying electrical safety hazards through automation. Institutions should also establish systems for recognizing these hazards. The entire system can set effective alarm thresholds based on the maximum current load between enterprise electrical lines and equipment, as well as allowable temperature settings. Alarms are triggered when sudden over-limit conditions are encountered. Additionally, adjustments can be made across a broader range through daily differentiated alarm history records, until all existing issues within the system are identified. Subsequent exploration can then determine solutions, effectively reducing current faults.
3. Cloud Service Platform
The platform is a service platform that is gradually constructed by utilizing existing scientific and technological advancements, integrating mobile networks and internet-based service platforms. It can organically convert electrical data collected in real-time by monitoring systems, subsequently transmitting various parameters to cloud servers via mobile networks, thereby establishing a cloud-based electrical monitoring service platform. The platform can transmit the current state of electrical systems in real-time to smartphones or computers, allowing relevant personnel to clearly understand the actual condition of the electrical circuits by observing the on-site production, thereby ensuring electrical safety more efficiently.
(3) Issues Related to Electrical Fire Emergencies During Rescue Operations
Four common issues arise during this process: first, the location of electrical fires is often difficult to detect, making effective emergency response challenging once a fire occurs or spreads, potentially exacerbating damage. Second, if the company is unclear about the situation during emergency response, such as not knowing the framework of the factory or storage location of materials, the rescue efforts may not effectively control the fire and could pose significant threats and losses to the safety of rescue personnel and the company's property. Third, lack of in-depth understanding of emergency response knowledge among internal company managers, along with ineffective monitoring of electrical equipment quality, often leads to盲目 rescue efforts that can endanger the personal safety of rescuers.
(4) Electrical Accident Early Warning
Electric accident warnings are typically divided into three levels. The first is on-site alarm, where the intelligent electrical supervision system installed at the site immediately triggers an alarm upon detecting any anomaly. Relevant staff members then promptly initiate preventive measures and investigation. The second level involves the use of a monitoring display screen's alarm function. In case of a fire, the system transmits relevant fire information to the 24/7 operational display, allowing for precise location identification, nearby environmental conditions, existing items, and relevant personnel involved. This wealth of information can assist during the rescue phase. Lastly, the third level is the SMS alarm feature. In the event of an accident, the system efficiently sends the relevant information to the responsible parties. This function is designed to ensure timely information feedback even in the absence of personnel in the vicinity during a fire, offering precise and clear solutions, thereby greatly enhancing the safety of the electrical system.
Section II: Regarding the Emergency Rescue System
(1) Static production information for specific enterprises mainly includes three aspects: basic information of the enterprise personnel, corresponding safety assessments, and management systems. Dynamic production information for enterprises, on the other hand, encompasses information on hazardous sources involved, electrical safety conditions, and the surrounding environment of the enterprise.
Establishing a secure information database can guide a company to conduct routine management more scientifically and rationally. This approach not only significantly enhances the management level of the established enterprise but also enables effective emergency rescue in the event of sudden safety accidents. In the process of systematization, if effective information is mastered, it can ensure the scientific conduct of rescue work and prevent any risk to personnel safety.
Emergency Response System
In response to accidents, the intelligent electricity system's early alarm can effectively notify managers through SMS and other means, even when there is a lack of personnel involvement in the company's production. With the fire still in its early stages, timely measures can be taken for rescue, thereby minimizing the losses.
2. Emergency support often utilizes a smart electricity monitoring system to conduct professional inspections of the surrounding environment prior to emergency response, quickly identifying appropriate methods. During this period, accident consequences can also be pre-simulated, effectively containing the scope of the crisis. Therefore, the value and utility of the smart electricity system in overall emergency response is conducive to maximizing the reduction of losses.
Section III: Ankerui Electrical Fire Monitoring System
(One) Overview
The Acre1-6000 Electrical Fire Monitoring System, developed by Ankoer Electrical Co., Ltd. in accordance with the current national standards, is a fully digital, independently operated system. It has passed the fire product testing certification by the National Fire Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center and stringent EMC electromagnetic compatibility tests, ensuring the safe and normal operation of the series in low-voltage distribution systems. It is now in mass production and widely applied across the nation. The system monitors and collects signals such as residual current, overcurrent, overvoltage, temperature, and fault arcs to prevent and alarm early electrical fires. It can also disconnect over-standard distribution circuits with detected residual current, temperature, and fault arcs when necessary. Moreover, it can meet user needs for data exchange and sharing with the AcreIEMS enterprise microgrid management cloud platform or fire automatic alarm systems.
(II) Application Scenarios
Applicable to intelligent buildings, hospitals, high-rise apartments, hotels, restaurants, commercial buildings, industrial and mining enterprises, key fire protection units, as well as the fields of petrochemical, cultural and educational health, finance, and telecommunications.
(III) System Structure
(System Features)
The monitoring equipment can receive residual current and temperature information from multiple detectors. Upon an alarm, it emits both audio and visual alarm signals, with the red "ALARM" indicator light on the device and the display indicating the alarm location and type, recording the alarm time. The audio and visual alarms continue until the "RESET" button on the device or the "RESET" key on the touch screen remotely resets the detector. The audio alarm signal can also be manually canceled using the "Mute" key on the touch screen.
2. When the monitored loop triggers an alarm, the control output relay closes to control the protected circuit or other equipment. Once the alarm is cleared, the control output relay releases.
3. Communication Fault Alarm: When there is a communication failure between the monitoring equipment and any connected detector, or when the detector itself fails, the corresponding detector on the monitoring screen will display a fault alert, the yellow "FAULT" indicator on the device will light up, and an alarm sound will be emitted. Power Fault Alarm: In case of a fault with the main power supply or the backup power supply, the monitoring equipment will also emit an audible and visual alarm signal and display fault information. Users can access the corresponding interface to view detailed information and deactivate the alarm sound.
4. In the event of residual current, over-temperature alarms, communication, or power supply failures, the alarm location, fault information, and alarm time are stored in the database. Similarly, records are made when alarms are cleared and faults are resolved. Historical data offers various convenient and quick search methods.
(V) Configuration Solutions
Four, Closing Remarks
As urbanization accelerates, the widespread use of electricity across society is essential for the overall operation. The continuous advancement of technology also necessitates the implementation of intelligent electrical systems. This situation greatly facilitates the necessary protective measures in the event of electrical fires.
[Reference]
He Changjin: The Application of Electrical Fire Monitoring System in Smart Fire Protection Construction. Chongqing Fire Rescue Command
Fan Xin, Wu Yan. Construction of an Intelligent Fire Protection Network Platform Based on a Combinational Electrical Fire Detection System[J]. Intelligent Building, 2018(5): 18-19.
Qu Wanjiang. Application of an Intelligent Fire Monitoring System for Electrical Fires in Building Construction [J]. Intelligent Buildings and Smart Cities, 2017(11): 49-52.
Lu Zonglei. Electrical Fire Monitoring System Facilitates the Construction of Smart Fire Protection. Intelligent Building, 2018 (5): 20-23.
Wang Hao, Tang Wei, Liu Kai. "Construction of Smart Fire Protection": Evaluation of Implementation of the Design Code for Automatic Fire Alarm Systems[J]. Intelligent Building, 2018(5):
AnkoRui Fire Emergency Lighting and Evacuation Guidance System / Fire Door Monitoring System / Fire Equipment Power Supply Monitoring System / Electric
Gas Fire Detection System Selection Handbook. 2022.05 Edition
Author Introduction: Li Xuewei, Ankelei Electrical Co., Ltd., primarily focuses on the research and application of power consumption safety management. Email: 2881346390@qq.com, Mobile: 17821733155, QQ: 2881346390.
