Greenhouse film greenhouses, also known as greenhouses, are facilities used for planting plants through light transmission and heat retention (or heating). They can extend the growing season and increase yields during seasons unsuitable for plant growth, and are commonly used for the cultivation or propagation of warm-weather vegetables, flowers, forestry, and other plants during cold seasons. Greenhouses come in a variety of types, which can be categorized based on different roof frame materials, lighting materials, shapes, and heating conditions.

Film greenhouse types include greenhouse cultivation, breeding greenhouses, wartime greenhouses, experimental greenhouses, food greenhouses, and recreational greenhouses. The greenhouse system design includes heating systems, insulation systems, cooling systems, ventilation systems, control systems, and irrigation systems. Plastic greenhouses consist merely of simple plastic film and skeletal structures, with minimal internal facilities and lower requirements for the greenhouse. Therefore, in a strict sense, greenhouses have higher demands than greenhouse equipment, possibly requiring advanced instruments for precise temperature control. However, broadly speaking, greenhouses are a type of greenhouse. Their purpose is also to maintain a certain temperature. The greenhouse structure must be sealed and insulated while allowing for easy ventilation and cooling. Modern greenhouses are equipped with devices to regulate temperature and humidity, lighting, and automatic control systems to create the necessary environmental conditions for plants. Indoor greenhouse cultivation units, including planting tanks, water supply systems, temperature control systems, auxiliary lighting systems, and humidity control systems, are placed beneath windows or shaped as partitions for planting. The water supply system automatically provides the right amount of water in a timely manner. The temperature control system includes exhaust fans, heating fans, temperature sensors, and a control box, which can adjust the temperature promptly. The auxiliary lighting system includes plant lights and reflectors, installed around the units to provide lighting in the absence of sunlight, enabling photosynthesis in plants and showcasing beautiful landscapes through light refraction. The humidity regulation system, in conjunction with the exhaust fan, adjusts humidity and lowers the indoor temperature.

Greenhouse film structures are buildings used for planting crops during winter or in seasons when outdoor plants are unsuitable for growth, utilizing mining cover materials as the entire or partial outer skin structure. Greenhouse classification is based on their functional use and includes productive greenhouses, experimental (educational) greenhouses, and publicly accessible commercial greenhouses. Vegetable cultivation greenhouses, flower cultivation greenhouses, and livestock housing greenhouses are examples of productive greenhouses. Artificial climate chambers and greenhouse laboratories fall under the category of experimental greenhouses. Various types of visitor greenhouses, retail greenhouses, and wholesale commodity greenhouses are classified as commercial greenhouses. Due to the long-term exposure to high temperatures and humidity, the surface corrosion resistance of components is a critical factor affecting the lifespan of greenhouses. Steel structural greenhouses and force-bearing structures typically use film steel, which has poor corrosion tolerance. These greenhouses are treated with hot-dip galvanizing for surface corrosion resistance, with a coating thickness of over 150 to 200 micrometers, ensuring a lifespan of 15 years. For wooden or steel-welded truss structure greenhouses, an annual surface corrosion treatment should be guaranteed.