The fire automatic alarm system consists of a fire detection device, a fire alarm device, a fire alarm device, and auxiliary devices with other functions. In the fire automatic alarm system, the devices that automatically or manually generate fire alarm signals are called triggering devices, mainly including fire detectors and manual fire alarm buttons.

Fire Detector

Fire detectors are the sensory part of the automatic fire alarm system, an essential component in various automatic fire alarm systems, serving as the "sensory organs" of the system. They can respond to fire parameters such as smoke, temperature, flame radiation, and gas concentration, and automatically generate fire alarm signals or send signals indicating the on-site fire condition to control and indication equipment. Fire detectors are a critical element in the system, with their stability, reliability, and sensitivity being influenced by numerous factors. Therefore, the selection and placement of fire detectors should be strictly carried out in accordance with regulations.

Manual Fire Alarm Button

Automatic and manual triggering devices should be provided for fire alarm systems. Various types of fire detectors serve as automatic triggering devices, while manual fire alarm buttons installed at fire compartment evacuation corridors, stairways, and other locations act as manual triggering devices. They should be equipped with the functionality to manually report fires in emergency situations.

Fire Alarm Control Panel

Fire alarm control panels are a crucial component of automatic fire alarm systems, featuring the following functions:

(1) The device is used to receive fire signals and activate fire alarm systems. It can also indicate the location of the fire and record relevant information.

(2) Can initiate fire alarm signals through fire alarm sending devices, or activate automatic fire extinguishing equipment and fire联动 controllers through automatic fire extinguishing control devices.

(3) Automatically monitor the proper operation of the system and provide audio and visual alarms for specific faults.

There is a wide variety of fire alarm control panels, which can be categorized into different types based on various methods.

(1) Categories can be divided based on control scope:

Regional Fire Alarm Controller: Directly connects to fire detectors, processing various alarm messages.

b. Central Fire Alarm Controller: Typically, it is not connected to fire detectors but linked to a zone fire alarm controller. It handles alarm signals received from the zone-level fire alarm controller and is commonly used in larger systems.

c. Centralized Fire Alarm Controller: It combines the features of both zone-level and centralized two-level or fire alarm controllers, allowing it to be used as a zone-level controller for connecting to other controllers, or as a centralized-level controller for connecting to zone fire alarm controllers.

(2) They can be categorized by structural format:

Wall-Mounted Fire Alarm Controller: Fewer detector loops connected, simple control functions, and the regional alarm controller is often used in this type.

b. Taiwan-style Fire Alarm Controller: With a higher number of detector loops connected and more complex interlock control, this type of centralized alarm system is commonly used.

c. Frame-type Fire Alarm Controller: Capable of multi-loop connections, featuring complex interlock control.

(3) Divided by system wiring methods:

Multi-line Fire Alarm Controller: Detectors are connected to the controller in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

b. Bus-type Fire Alarm Controller: The controller is connected to detectors via a bus system, with detectors either in parallel or series on the bus.