The structure and functions of gravity die-casting machines include the frame, clamping mechanism, ejection mechanism, locking nozzle mechanism, injection mechanism, power system, and control system, among others. The frame primarily serves as a support and connection, enabling all functional mechanisms to form an organically integrated whole.

The locking mechanism is composed of a unlocking mold hydraulic cylinder and an articulated arm mechanism. The unlocking mold hydraulic cylinder provides the power for opening and closing, while the articulated arm mechanism amplifies this force by ten to twenty times to generate sufficient locking force, preventing the overflow of molten metal from the parting surface of the die during injection molding. The ejector mechanism is typically equipped with an ejector cylinder, which is designed to exert sufficient force to eject the workpiece from the mold cavity after the mold is opened.

The locking mechanism of the gravity die casting machine ensures a tight fit between the mold's water inlet and nozzle before the injection, preventing metal liquid from splashing out during the injection process. Currently, most models utilize a locking cylinder to achieve the locking action. Additionally, during maintenance, the locking mechanism can be used to remove the mold base, providing sufficient space for operation.

The injection mechanism is a crucial component for gravity die casting machines, as its structure and performance determine the main process parameters such as injection force and speed during the casting process. All gravity die casting machines are designed with a two-stage injection system. The first stage injection is for exhaust, requiring a slower pace; the second stage injection is for filling, necessitating sufficient speed, and the transition from the first to the second stage should be as quick as possible to achieve adequate filling speed.

The function of the power system is to provide power to the gravity die casting machine, enabling the movement of various functional mechanisms to achieve the action cycle. The control system's role is to emit control signals according to the predetermined action program, ensuring the sequential movement of the mechanisms to complete the die casting operation.