Air-powered conveying equipment, in a broad sense, refers to devices that utilize air flow to transport powder through pipes from the front to the back; in a narrow sense, it refers specifically to the equipment of the conveying pipeline section.

The pneumatic conveying equipment for powdery materials is one type of fluid pneumatic conveying, which utilizes air flow to transport particles through pipes, also known as pipeline pneumatic conveying. Due to its high conveying efficiency, simple equipment structure, convenient maintenance and management, ease of automation, and environmental protection benefits; especially when used for internal transportation within factory workshops, it can combine the conveying process with the production process, helping to simplify the process and equipment. This significantly enhances labor productivity and reduces costs.

In broad terms, the equipment for conveying powders via pneumatic conveying requires an initial discussion of the types of pneumatic conveying systems, as the types vary, and so do the required equipment. Pneumatic conveying types are categorized by the pressure state of the air, including negative pressure and positive pressure conveyance. Additionally, there are mixed positive-negative pressure and sealed circulating systems. Negative pressure pneumatic conveying of powders is further divided into mobile and fixed types. The general system components include feeders, pipes, unloaders, airlock valves, dust collectors, and fans. The specific models, types, and materials of the equipment are determined based on the characteristics of the material being conveyed and the conveying volume. The working principle of the negative pressure pneumatic conveying system involves the gas source equipment being installed at the end of the conveying system. Once the fan operates, the entire system forms a negative pressure, drawing air into the conveying pipe due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the pipe. At the same time, the material and some air are simultaneously吸入 by the suction nozzle and transported to the separator, where separation of the material from the air occurs. The separated material is discharged from the bottom of the separator via the unloader, while the fine particles that were not separated enter the bag dust collector for purification. The purified air is then released into the atmosphere.

Positive pressure pneumatic conveying equipment for powders, which is divided into low-pressure and high-pressure types; the overall system consists of equipment such as: air source, feeders (rotary feeders, silo pumps, screw conveyors, etc.), storage silos, unloaders, conveying pipelines, separators, bag dust collectors, etc.; similarly, regardless of the type, model, or material of the equipment, it must be designed based on the characteristics of the material to be conveyed, the conveying volume, and the distance; its working principle is that the air source equipment is all located at the front end of the system. After the material to be conveyed is pressed to the conveying destination, the material is separated in the separator or storage silo and discharged through the unloader, while the air is purified by the dust collector and discharged into the atmosphere; the positive pressure pneumatic conveying air source equipment is at the front end of the system, and the material cannot freely flow into the conveying pipeline, requiring the use of sealed feeding devices. There is also another type of positive-negative pressure mixed pneumatic conveying powder equipment, which combines the aforementioned types and has the characteristics of both negative and positive pressure conveying equipment, allowing material to be conveyed from most feeding points to distant unloading points. One type is a cyclic system, also known as inertial pneumatic conveying, which consists of equipment such as: receiving devices, conveying pipelines, unloaders, dampers, dust collectors, fans, and return air ducts, etc.; as always, the specific models, types, and materials of the equipment require technical personnel to design based on material characteristics, conveying volume, and distance; this type is suitable for fine, valuable, or highly hazardous pneumatic conveying powders.

In broad terms, let's delve into the narrow interpretation: the equipment or accessories for the powder pneumatic conveying pipeline section; pneumatic conveying pipes used for conveying materials include material conveying pipes, also known as feed pipes, and air ducts. Pneumatic conveying powder equipment is primarily used for material transportation, typically consisting of straight material conveying pipes (straight pipes, flexible pipes, etc.) and directional material conveying pipes (flexible pipes, bend pipes). In addition, when there are collecting pipes or branching pipelines, diverting valves and pipe joints are required. Pneumatic conveying powder equipment must have sufficient strength and rigidity, good airtightness and wear resistance, smooth inner wall surfaces, and removable pipe sections with good coaxiality for quick cleaning, unblocking, and assembly. As for air ducts, they are used for conveying pure air or other gases or for conveying air with dust concentrations below 10%.