Laminated tempered glass, also known as safety glass, is a type of laminated glass made by bonding two or more layers of standard float glass together after they have been tempered. The intermediate layer is typically PVB film (polyvinyl butyral), which, through a process of heating and high-pressure, secures the glass layers into a single, safe unit. This glass not only boasts the high impact resistance of tempered glass but also inherits the characteristics of standard laminated glass. Even if the glass shatters, the fragments remain bonded together due to the adhesive layer, effectively preventing the risk of falling shards and ensuring personal safety.
1. Advantages
Laminated glass boasts the high impact resistance of tempered glass while also retaining the characteristics of standard laminated glass. Even if shattered, the glass fragments remain bonded together due to the interlayer adhesive, effectively preventing falling debris incidents and ensuring personal safety.
Laminated safety glass is a specialized type of interlayer glass product made by bonding a layer of tempered glass. It combines the high strength of tempered glass with the excellent safety feature of interlayer glass, preventing shards from falling. Suitable for installations with specific safety requirements, such as protective windows in high-rise buildings, glass curtain walls, and glass skylights, as well as underwater glass facilities that endure constant water pressure.
2. Features
Underwater glass is subjected to long-term loads, thus the fatigue effects of the glass should be considered. Fatigue effects can significantly reduce the strength of the glass. Studies show that the stress condition of underwater glass is related to the installation position of the glass, the support method, and the shape and size of the glass. The bottom glass experiences equal stress across all areas, known as "uniformly distributed load," while the side glass's stress condition is proportional to the depth, referred to as "triangular load." The support methods for glass are categorized into three-sided support (fixed) and four-sided support (fixed). The shapes of glass can be rectangular or circular. Due to these varying parameters, different calculation methods and correction coefficients must be used. Even with the same water depth, the stress conditions underwater are different, hence, it is crucial to conduct design and verification before ordering the glass. Calculations can determine the bending stress and deflection of the glass panels. Considering the safety factor, the bending strength of tempered glass must be below 500 kg/cm, and the deflection of the glass panel surface must not exceed 1/200 of the span.
