(1) Innovative Coal Mining Technology
Innovating coal mining technology requires prioritizing clean production in coal mines, specifically the non-extraction treatment of coal gangue and the safe implementation of protective measures. Key strategies include: Firstly, altering the layout of coal mine tunnels to utilize semi-coal rock tunnels and multiple coal tunnel layouts, which not only reduces the cost of mine construction but also diminishes the emission of coal gangue solid waste. Secondly, innovating coal mining methods and processes involves reasonably determining thickness during extraction to decrease the amount of interbedded strata, thereby reducing the ash content in raw coal. Thirdly, diversifying coal mining techniques, such as shortwall and room-and-pillar combined mining, and improving the original full-caving management of the roof, such as adopting semi-backfill and full-backfill caving management. Furthermore, filling goaf or abandoned tunnels with coal gangue solid waste controls emissions and mitigates surface subsidence, while also reducing the height of the water-conducting fracture zone, ensuring that groundwater layers below the surface are not affected by mining activities, significantly diminishing ecological damage.
(2) Comprehensive Application of Coal Gangue
Coal gangue, although a solid waste, holds the same combustion value as coal and can be processed into building materials. Therefore, it is essential to effectively utilize coal gangue and actively treat it to achieve the goal of turning waste into treasure. Moreover, due to its combustion value, the combustible part of coal gangue should be utilized through fluidized bed combustion technology. Concurrently, the mineral part of coal gangue can be used as a raw material for extracting sulfur or producing sulfuric acid, further enhancing its value. However, the comprehensive application of coal gangue is constrained by factors such as economy, technology, and market conditions. To implement the aforementioned approaches, there is a need for financial, human, and material resources. Opting for a good and effective solution, such as reclamation, can be beneficial. This reclamation method, based on the reclamation technology of gangue piles, combines biological and engineering reclamation techniques. This approach significantly reduces the cost of transforming coal gangue into valuable resources and also restores the ecological environment in mining areas, thereby providing a strong guarantee for the joint realization of coal mining and ecological balance.
(3) Ground Protection Technology
1. Measures for治理ecological damage from collapses. In response to collapses occurring during coal mining operations, land reclamation techniques, anti-extraction deformation technologies for construction, and ecological engineering methods can be employed for remediation; 2. Control methods for preventing mining collapses. To control collapses during coal mining, the application of rational mining techniques and methods can be utilized to reduce the incidence of ground subsidence or significantly decrease the extent of surface sinking, thereby providing a strong guarantee for the stability of ground structures in mining areas. Typically, this can be achieved by innovating traditional caving mining techniques and adopting strip mining methods to prevent surface collapse, ensuring both the stability and safety of the ground surface while extracting coal resources, thereby achieving a win-win situation of higher economic and social benefits.
(4) Comprehensive Utilization of Gasoline Gas
By fully utilizing the combustible characteristics of gas, promoting the application of new technologies, establishing a gas extraction system, and implementing pre-extraction technology for coal seam gas, we extract and purify the gas in coal tunnels, use it for combustion heating and power generation. This achieves comprehensive utilization of gas in local areas. On one hand, it improves the safety conditions of underground operations in coal mines, and on the other hand, it realizes the comprehensive utilization of gas resources, reduces the company's operational costs, and enhances its profitability.
