Composite Flow Closed Circuit Cooling Tower

I. Overview

Compound closed-loop cooling towers, sometimes abbreviated as Compound Closed Tower, are named due to the mixing of spray water and hot air direction. The spray water flows from top to bottom, with the wind divided into two paths: one part of the cold air flows from top to bottom, and the other enters horizontally from the side, crossing with the descending spray water through the packing to exchange heat, thereby reducing the temperature of the spray water.

Mainly composed of heat exchange coils, spray irrigation water system, exhaust system, and frame housing.

II. Process:

The spray pump draws water from the sump, pumps it to the upper part of the heat exchange coil, and sprays it uniformly over the outer surface of the pipe material in an umbrella shape through nozzles, forming a thin water film. A portion of the water absorbs the heat energy of the high-temperature refrigerant inside the pipe, converting it into latent heat of vaporization, which evaporates into a gas state. The refrigerant inside the pipe is cooled and condensed into a liquid state, while the water that does not evaporate falls back into the spray water sump.

The exhaust system features an intake fan at the top of the tower, drawing air from inside the tower and expelling it outward. Cold, dry air outside the tower enters the tower through the heat exchanger coils and the inlet grille, flowing downward from the top of the coils to carry away the evaporated water vapor, thereby increasing the humidity and temperature of the air. Additionally, cold, dry air is also drawn in from the side of the tower, where it exchanges heat with the descending spray water through the packing material. The two hot, moist air streams are then exhausted outside the tower by the fan.

In the sprinkler tray, a float valve is installed. When the water level is low, it automatically replenishes the supply to maintain a consistent water level in the tray.

III. Working Principle

The working fluid (water, oil, or other liquids) flows through the coil, with the coil exterior enveloped by spray water. Heat from the fluid is transferred through the tube walls, forming saturated moist steam with water and air. The heat is then exhausted into the atmosphere by a fan. During the recirculation process, the spray water is cooled through PVC heat sinks, flowing in the same direction as the fresh air to form cold water. The coil primarily relies on humid heat conduction. A key feature of the hybrid closed-loop cooling tower working principle is its ability to inhibit the formation of scale on the coil exterior.

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