Crossflow Closed-Circuit Cooling Tower

I. Overview of Overflow

Closed-loop cooling tower, named for the cross flow of spray water and hot air, with water flowing downwards and air entering horizontally from the sides, passing over the heat exchanger coils in the middle, exchanging heat with the descending spray water, thereby reducing the temperature of the spray water.

Mainly composed of heat exchanger coils, spray water system, exhaust system, and framework housing.

Section II: Process Workflow

The spray pump draws water from the water tank, pumps it to the upper part of the heat exchange coil, and sprays it uniformly over the outer surface of the pipe material in an umbrella-like pattern. This forms a thin water film, where some of the water absorbs the heat energy of the high-temperature refrigerant inside the pipe, converting it into latent heat of vaporization and evaporating into a gas state. The refrigerant inside the pipe is cooled and condensed or cooled down, while the water that does not evaporate falls back into the spray water tank.

Fan system, the top tower fan is an intake type, drawing air from inside the tower and exhausting it outside. Cold dry air outside the tower enters the heat exchanger coils from the side, carrying away the evaporated water vapor, increasing the humidity and temperature of the air, which is then extracted outside the tower by a fan located between the two heat exchanger coils.

In the spray trough, a float valve is installed. When the water level is low, it automatically replenishes the supply to ensure a consistent water level in the trough.

Section 3: Operating Principle

Closed-loop Water System: The cooled water circulating inside the coils is discharged from the tower and then pumped by the system's circulating pump to the heat source (the cooled equipment). The water, which has been heated through heat exchange, then returns to the coils for cooling.

External circulating water system: After the external spray water achieves the purpose of cooling the internal circulating water of the coil by contacting with the coil and packing, it falls into the lower water trough and is then pumped to the spray water trough for recirculation by the spray water pump.

The internal circulation is cooled through heat exchange with the external spray water and air via a coil, which prevents direct contact between the cooled water and air, thus avoiding water quality contamination. The heat exchange effect is more pronounced since the spray water has been pre-cooled with PVC packing.

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