The reason for choosing the 400Hz power source is primarily due to weight; the 400Hz generators are lighter, thereby saving fuel.
If the system frequency is high, the copper and steel materials used in generators and transformers are reduced, resulting in lower weight and cost. However, this is offset by an increase in the inductive reactance of electrical equipment and a decrease in capacitive reactance, leading to higher losses and reduced transmission efficiency. Conversely, a lower frequency increases the material usage, weight, and cost of electrical equipment. Therefore, 50 and 60 Hz are suitable for general civilian applications.
To reduce volume and weight, high-frequency generators are required for aviation. Since the transmission lines on the aircraft are not excessively long, losses are no longer the primary issue, making 400Hz an excellent choice.
