The AC to DC Conversion Section: The direct current (DC) voltage required by most electronic devices is significantly different from the 220V AC voltage provided by the power grid. To achieve the rated output voltage range, an appropriate conversion is necessary. Therefore, the primary task of the voltage conversion section is to convert the grid voltage to the required AC voltage, while also serving to isolate the DC power source from the grid.
2. Rectifier Section: The function of the rectifier circuit is to convert the alternating current voltage after conversion into a pulsating voltage of one direction. Due to the large pulsation component of this voltage, it cannot be used directly to supply power to the load. Otherwise, the variation of the ripple will seriously affect the performance indicators of the load circuit.
3. Voltage Stabilization Section: Although the voltage after rectification and filtering is close to direct current (DC) voltage, its stability is poor. It is significantly affected by temperature, load, and fluctuations in the grid voltage. Therefore, a voltage stabilization circuit is necessary to maintain the basic stability of the output DC voltage.
4. Filter Section: The function of the filter section is to smooth the pulse direct current output of the rectifier section, converting it into a low direct voltage at the crossover point. In other words, the filter section is essentially a superior low-pass filter, with its cutoff frequency needing to be less than the fundamental frequency of the rectifier's output voltage.
