The fabric surface exhibits uneven stripes of inconsistent colors on unbleached or finished cloth. The cross-section feature of circular knitted fabrics is often regular stripes. The stripes at the abnormal sections are composed of one or more yarns. The yarns in the cross-sections differ from those on the normal fabric surface in terms of color variation, thickness, composition, twist, fluff, loops, density, and elasticity. The factors contributing to the cross-sections in circular knitted fabrics include yarn-related issues, circular knitting machine-related issues, and dyeing and finishing-related issues.

There are various issues leading to cross threads in circular machine fabrics, such as using the wrong manufacturer or variety, fluctuations in raw material batches, uneven blending of cotton, failure to use materials in the order of production time, and mixing batches of yarn or spandex. In addition, uneven tension during yarn delivery to the circular machine can also cause cross threads. Defective fabrics with cross threads are usually in large quantities, ranging from a few to dozens of pieces. If not addressed promptly during downstream processing, the consequences can be severe. The damage caused by cross-threaded fabrics is significant, and when factoring in the base materials, auxiliary materials, processing fees, and dyeing and finishing costs at the dyeing factory, the cost of defective products is far higher than the value of the original yarn, sometimes even doubling it.

Ring-spun fabric with cross defects is difficult to repair. The fabric surface has a dense weave pattern with cross defects spaced around 3-5 cm apart, making it impossible to cut. Color fading treatment would also incur substantial costs. Understanding the causes and analysis methods of cross defects in fabric, identifying the objective and real factors that lead to these defects, can help in preventing and reducing cross defects, thereby minimizing unexpected economic losses.

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