I. Seedling Preparation: Allocate seedling plots at a ratio of 1:100 to the planting field area. Manually create ridges with a net ridge width of 1.4 meters, a groove width of 30 centimeters, and a groove depth of 15 centimeters. Level the water to ensure the field elevation difference does not exceed 3 centimeters. If the weather is dry before sowing, causing cracks on the ridge surface, water the ridges three days in advance to keep them moist. For larger cracks, fill them with fine soil. Prepare 9 cubic meters of sifted fine soil per mu of seedling plot. The fine soil should be moist enough to form a ball in your hand that breaks apart upon release; both overly dry and wet conditions are不利于sowing. Ensure preparation by the end of April, cover with plastic film to prevent rain damage. Use machine-planting rice seedling substrate as bedding soil fertilizer. Prepare approximately 4.5 kilograms of dry straw without branches and seeds that are plump and have a germination rate above 90% per mu of large field (equivalent to 140 grams of net dry seed per tray). Soak 5-6 kilograms of rice seeds in a mixture of 2.2-2.4 milliliters of "Jinfeng 2" and 15 grams of 10% imidacloprid in 8-10 kilograms of water, stirring well before soaking. After the seeds absorb sufficient moisture, mix 10 grams of seed treatment agent with every 5 kilograms of rice seeds for seed sterilization, and dry and sow when the seeds have reached the white sprout stage. Prepare seed soaking and germination according to the crop rotation and planting period, ensuring a smooth transition in sowing timing. For barley stubble, harvest on May 23-25th, transplant on June 15-17th, and control the seedling age to 20-22 days. For wheat stubble, harvest on May 25-30th, transplant on June 15-25th, and control the seedling age to 18-22 days.
Step 2: Choose plastic trays or double-membrane seedling raising method.
⑴ Place a sufficient amount of bedding soil over the film, first secure it with wooden sticks or grass ropes along the ridges, then lay the perforated film or soft disk, fill with nutrient soil, maintaining a soil layer thickness of 1.8 to 2 centimeters. Ensure the seedling bed is well-watered before sowing.
Calculate the seed quantity for the seedling tray based on the sowing amount per tray (140 grams net weight of dry seeds, the sowing amount should not exceed 160 grams). Ensure even seed distribution during sowing, aiming for 2 to 3 rice seeds per square centimeter, without double-sowing or missed sowing. Cover the seeds promptly with soil, with a thickness of approximately 0.5 centimeters, ensuring the seeds are not exposed.
Sprinkle a thin layer of straw (or green grass) on the tray to act as a separator to prevent "sticking" issues, then cover it with a film, press the edges firmly, and top it with a straw mat or evenly spread straw.
Ensure ample watering after broadcasting to meet the seedling's moisture requirements.
Three, Seedling Field Management: Timely removal of the film from the seedlings when they reach the one-leaf-one-heart stage, not too late, to prevent the seedlings from growing too tall, and water to protect the seedlings. Choose to remove the film in the evening of a sunny day or on a cloudy day, avoiding sunny days with intense sunlight to prevent damage to the seedlings. After removing the film, immediately water the seedlings thoroughly, allowing the water to subside naturally. Establish a thin water layer at the two-leaf stage to protect the seedlings; at the three-leaf stage, maintain soil moisture, let the field dry for root development, and strengthen root binding. On sunny afternoons, keep the soil on the ridges moist to prevent the seed trays from losing water and damaging the seedlings. Adjust the transplanting period according to the height of the seedlings. At the one-leaf-one-heart stage of the seedlings, spray 10-15 grams of 5% epinazole per mu of seedling pool with water to prevent excessive growth. After the seedlings are even and the film is removed, spray 120-150 grams of 25% metalaxyl powder per mu to prevent disease and protect the seedlings. To control subterranean pests such as termites, use water to drive them away or mix 150 milliliters of 48% thiram with 15-20 kilograms of dry fine soil per mu and apply it in the evening. Use good嫁药 one to two days before mechanical transplanting to reduce the pest population.